Italy was the first European country to be affected by the 2019 coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19). Several studies have shown the risk of developing depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder in medical and paramedical staff. Causes included the high contagiousness of the virus, the fear of contracting it, the lack of adequate personal protective equipment, and physical and psychological fatigue. In this context, resilience represents a protective factor against adversity and stress burden. The aim of this research was to investigate if and how the resilience and personality profile is able to influence the response to stress and anxiety on a sample of Italian healthcare workers, during the COVID-19 outbreak. The sample consisted of 152 frontline healthcare workers, physicians, and paramedical professionals. Participants completed the online questionnaire measuring the Resilience Scale for Adults, the Big Five Inventory-10 Item, the State Anxiety Inventory, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Analyses of data aimed to show differences in the stress of healthcare workers due to gender and professional role, and at finding, by means of multidimensional scaling, the relations among anxiety, stress, resilience, and traits of personality. The findings gave some suggestions for implementing strategies useful to increase the resilience in healthcare workers and support them to cope with stressful events, typical of the pandemic emergency.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行期间恢复力对医护人员的社会心理影响和作用

意大利是第一个受到 2019 年冠状病毒流行 (COVID-19) 影响的欧洲国家。多项研究表明，医务人员和辅助医疗人员有患抑郁症、焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍的风险。原因包括病毒的高传染性、害怕感染病毒、缺乏足够的个人防护设备以及身心疲劳。在这种情况下，韧性代表了抵御逆境和压力负担的保护因素。这项研究的目的是调查在 COVID-19 爆发期间，复原力和个性特征是否能够以及如何影响意大利医护人员样本对压力和焦虑的反应。样本包括 152 名一线医护人员、医生和辅助医疗专业人员。参与者完成了在线问卷，测量成人弹性量表、大五项清单 - 10 项、状态焦虑量表和感知压力量表。数据分析旨在显示由于性别和专业角色导致的医护人员压力的差异，并通过多维尺度发现焦虑、压力、弹性和人格特征之间的关系。调查结果提出了一些建议，以实施有助于提高医护人员的弹性并支持他们应对大流行紧急情况典型的压力事件的策略。数据分析旨在显示由于性别和专业角色导致的医护人员压力的差异，并通过多维尺度发现焦虑、压力、弹性和人格特征之间的关系。调查结果提出了一些建议，以实施有助于提高医护人员的弹性并支持他们应对大流行紧急情况典型的压力事件的策略。数据分析旨在显示由于性别和专业角色导致的医护人员压力的差异，并通过多维尺度发现焦虑、压力、弹性和人格特征之间的关系。调查结果提出了一些建议，以实施有助于提高医护人员的复原力并支持他们应对大流行紧急情况典型的压力事件的策略。