The skin barrier is provided by the organized multi-layer structure of epidermal cells, which is dynamically maintained by a continuous supply of cells from the basal layer. The epidermal homeostasis can be disrupted by various skin diseases, which often cause morphological changes not only in the epidermis but in the dermis. We present a three-dimensional agent-based computational model of the epidermis that takes into account the deformability of the dermis. Our model can produce a stable epidermal structure with well-organized layers. We show that its stability depends on the cell supply rate from the basal layer. Modeling the morphological change of the dermis also enables us to investigate how the stiffness of the dermis affects the structure and barrier functions of the epidermis. Besides, we show that our model can simulate the formation of a corn (clavus) by assuming hyperproliferation and rapid differentiation. We also provide experimental data for human corn, which supports the model assumptions and the simulation result.

皮肤屏障由表皮细胞的有组织的多层结构提供，该结构由来自基底层的连续供应细胞动态维持。各种皮肤病会破坏表皮稳态，这些皮肤病通常不仅会导致表皮发生形态变化，还会导致真皮发生形态变化。我们提出了一个基于三维代理的表皮计算模型，该模型考虑了真皮的可变形性。我们的模型可以产生具有良好组织层的稳定表皮结构。我们表明其稳定性取决于来自基底层的细胞供应率。模拟真皮的形态变化也使我们能够研究真皮的刚度如何影响表皮的结构和屏障功能。除了，我们表明，我们的模型可以通过假设过度增殖和快速分化来模拟玉米（鸡眼）的形成。我们还提供了人类玉米的实验数据，支持模型假设和模拟结果。