Objective

ADHD symptoms typically decline with age, but less is known about whether the presentation of specific ADHD symptoms differs across development. This study aimed to examine the frequency and associated impairment of specific ADHD symptoms in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood.

Method

A prospective, longitudinal cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, was utilized (N = 2,327). ADHD symptoms and impairment were assessed using the Development and Well Being Assessment at ages 7, 15, and 25.

Results

Specific ADHD symptom frequencies and their associated impairment varied across development for the majority of symptoms, although easily distracted was one of the most commonly reported symptoms at each age, and difficulty sustaining attention was consistently associated with high levels of impairment.

Conclusion

These findings suggest differences in the presentations of ADHD symptoms across development: current understanding of how ADHD presents in childhood/adolescence may not be generalizable to young adulthood.

中文翻译：

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探索多动症症状和相关的发育障碍

客观的

ADHD 症状通常会随着年龄的增长而下降，但对于特定 ADHD 症状的表现是否在发育过程中有所不同，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在检查儿童、青春期和青年期特定 ADHD 症状的频率和相关损害。

方法

使用了前瞻性纵向队列，即雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究 ( N  = 2,327)。在 7、15 和 25 岁时使用发育和健康评估评估 ADHD 症状和损害。

结果

对于大多数症状，特定的 ADHD 症状频率及其相关损害因发育而异，尽管容易分心是每个年龄段最常报告的症状之一，并且难以维持注意力始终与高水平的损害相关。

结论

这些发现表明 ADHD 症状在整个发育过程中的表现存在差异：目前对儿童/青春期 ADHD 表现方式的理解可能无法推广到青年期。