Coupling factors of sources and receivers vary dramatically due to the strong heterogeneity of the near surface, and they are as important as the model parameters for the inversion success. We have adopted a full-waveform inversion (FWI) scheme that corrects for variable coupling factors while updating the model parameters. A linear inversion is embedded into the scheme to estimate the source and receiver factors and compute the amplitude weights according to the acquisition geometry. After the weights are introduced in the objective function, the inversion falls into the category of separable nonlinear least-squares problems. Hence, we could use the variable projection technique widely used in source estimation problems to invert the model parameter without knowledge of the source and receiver factors. The efficacy of the inversion scheme is demonstrated with two synthetic examples and one real data test.

中文翻译：

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具有源和接收器耦合效应校正的全波形反演

由于近地表的强烈非均质性，震源和接收机的耦合因子变化很大，它们与反演成功的模型参数一样重要。我们采用了全波形反演 (FWI) 方案，在更新模型参数的同时校正可变耦合因子。线性反演被嵌入到该方案中以估计源和接收器因子并根据采集几何计算幅度权重。在目标函数中引入权重后，反演就属于可分离非线性最小二乘问题的范畴。因此，我们可以使用广泛用于源估计问题的可变投影技术在不了解源和接收器因素的情况下反转模型参数。