The majority of the world’s population now lives in cities, where reduced levels of native biodiversity, coupled with fewer opportunities for people to experience nature, are expected to result in an urban public increasingly disconnected from the natural environment. Residential gardens have great potential to both support native species and allow people daily contact with nature. Embracing the epistemological assumption that urban residents’ interactions with nature in their gardens and parks may be complex, unpredictable, contradictory, and context-dependent, we used an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach to explore the human relationship with urban nature in a New Zealand city. We conducted 21 semi-structured “go-along” interviews to facilitate a deeper understanding of participants’ personal experiences of nature in parks and gardens. Interviews revealed a tension between stated values and concrete actions affecting urban biodiversity in private gardens. This value-action gap stemmed from the multiple purposes and values that people hold for their gardens, which do not necessarily align with conservation of native nature. By recognizing that urban residents hold multiple values and want their gardens to fulfill multiple purposes, local authorities aiming to promote nature conservation in cities can design wildlife gardening programs that meet these multiple needs and reconcile conflicting priorities.

中文翻译：

---

“拥有一切的愿望”：城市花园的多重优先考虑减少了原生自然的空间

世界上大多数人口现在生活在城市中，当地生物多样性水平下降，加上人们体验自然的机会减少，预计将导致城市公众与自然环境越来越脱节。住宅花园具有巨大的潜力，既可以支持本地物种，又可以让人们每天与大自然接触。接受认识论假设，即城市居民在他们的花园和公园中与自然的互动可能是复杂的、不可预测的、矛盾的和依赖于上下文的，我们使用解释性现象学分析方法来探索新西兰城市中人类与城市自然的关系。我们进行了 21 次半结构化的“随行”访谈，以帮助更深入地了解参与者对公园和花园中自然的个人体验。采访揭示了既定价值观与影响私家花园城市生物多样性的具体行动之间的紧张关系。这种价值与行动的差距源于人们对花园的多重目的和价值观，这不一定与保护本土自然相一致。通过认识到城市居民拥有多种价值观并希望他们的花园实现多种目的，旨在促进城市自然保护的地方当局可以设计满足这些多种需求并协调相互冲突的优先事项的野生动物园艺计划。采访揭示了既定价值观与影响私家花园城市生物多样性的具体行动之间的紧张关系。这种价值与行动的差距源于人们对花园的多重目的和价值观，这不一定与保护本土自然相一致。通过认识到城市居民拥有多种价值观并希望他们的花园实现多种目的，旨在促进城市自然保护的地方当局可以设计满足这些多种需求并协调相互冲突的优先事项的野生动物园艺计划。采访揭示了既定价值观与影响私家花园城市生物多样性的具体行动之间的紧张关系。这种价值与行动的差距源于人们对花园的多重目的和价值观，这不一定与保护本土自然相一致。通过认识到城市居民拥有多种价值观并希望他们的花园实现多种目的，旨在促进城市自然保护的地方当局可以设计满足这些多种需求并协调相互冲突的优先事项的野生动物园艺计划。