In recent years, several recombinant strains of potato virus Y, notably PVYNTN and PVYN:O have displaced the ordinary strain, PVYO, and emerged as the predominant strains affecting the USA potato crop. Previously we reported that recombinant strains were transmitted more efficiently than PVYO when they were acquired sequentially, regardless of acquisition order. In another recent study, we showed that PVYNTN binds preferentially to the aphid stylet over PVYO when aphids feed on a mixture of PVYO and PVYNTN. To understand the mechanism of this transmission bias as well as preferential virus binding, we separated virus and active helper component proteins (HC), mixed them in homologous and heterologous combinations, and then fed them to aphids using Parafilm sachets. Mixtures of PVYO HC with either PVYN:O or PVYNTN resulted in efficient transmission. PVYN:O HC also facilitated the transmission of PVYO and PVYNTN, albeit with reduced efficiency. PVYNTN HC failed to facilitate transmission of either PVYO or PVYN:O. When PVYO HC or PVYN:O HC was mixed with equal amounts of the two viruses, both viruses in all combinations were transmitted at high efficiencies. In contrast, no transmission occurred when combinations of viruses were mixed with PVYNTN HC. Further study evaluated transmission using serial dilutions of purified virus mixed with HCs. While PVYNTN HC only facilitated the transmission of the homologous virus, the HCs of PVYO and PVYN:O facilitated the transmission of all strains tested. This phenomenon has likely contributed to the increase in the recombinant strains affecting the USA potato crop.

中文翻译：

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病毒和辅助成分的相互作用有利于重组马铃薯病毒Y株的传播


近年来，马铃薯病毒 Y 的几种重组毒株，特别是 PVY NTN和 PVY N:O已经取代了普通毒株 PVY O ，并成为影响美国马铃薯作物的主要毒株。之前我们报道过，当顺序获得重组菌株时，无论获得顺序如何，重组菌株的传播效率都比 PVY O更高。在最近的另一项研究中，我们表明，当蚜虫以 PVY O和 PVY NTN的混合物为食时，PVY NTN比 PVY O优先与蚜虫管心结合。为了了解这种传播偏向以及病毒优先结合的机制，我们分离了病毒和活性辅助成分蛋白（HC），将它们以同源和异源组合混合，然后使用封口膜小袋将它们喂给蚜虫。 PVY O HC 与 PVY N:O或 PVY NTN的混合物可实现高效传输。 PVY N:O HC 也促进了 PVY O和 PVY NTN的传输，尽管效率有所降低。 PVY NTN HC 未能促进 PVY O或 PVY N:O的传输。当PVY O HC 或PVY N:O HC 与等量的两种病毒混合时，所有组合中的两种病毒都以高效率传播。相比之下，当病毒组合与 PVY NTN HC 混合时，没有发生传播。进一步的研究使用连续稀释的纯化病毒与 HC 混合来评估传播情况。 虽然PVY NTN HC仅促进同源病毒的传播，但PVY O和PVY N:O的HC促进了所有测试毒株的传播。这种现象可能导致影响美国马铃薯作物的重组菌株增加。