Study Objectives:

This study aimed to prospectively identify the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity, ocular microcirculation changes, and visual function changes in patients with glaucoma.

Methods:

We prospectively enrolled patients with glaucoma who were willing to undergo overnight polysomnography (PSG). The enrolled patients were further divided into normal tension glaucoma (NTG),high-tension glaucoma (HTG), and control. Visual field (VF) progression was analyzed using sequential standard automated perimetry. Peripapillary and macular vessel density (VD) were assessed through optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-Angiography). The associations between PSG parameters, OCT-Angiography parameters, and VF progression were analyzed.

Results:

A total of 22 patients with NTG, 30 patients with HTG, and 24 control patients were enrolled. Through regression analysis, glaucoma was found to be an independent predictor of moderate-to-severe OSA (P = .035); furthermore, moderate-to-severe OSA was significantly associated with VF progression (P =.008 in the HTG subgroup, and P = .008 in the overall glaucoma). Additionally, OSA severity was negatively correlated with the ganglion cell complex thinning rate in the NTG subgroup.

Conclusions:

Presence of glaucoma increased the risk of moderate-to-severe OSA compare with the control group. OSA severity was related to VF deterioration in patients with glaucoma and further associated with structural progression in the NTG subgroup. Careful monitoring of the comorbid OSA status of patients with glaucoma is essential to prevent disease progression.

中文翻译：

---

青光眼患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停合并症的前瞻性评估

学习目标：

本研究旨在前瞻性地确定青光眼患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 严重程度、眼部微循环变化和视功能变化之间的相关性。

方法：

我们前瞻性地招募了愿意接受夜间多导睡眠图 (PSG) 的青光眼患者。纳入的患者进一步分为正常眼压性青光眼（NTG）、眼压性青光眼（HTG）和对照。使用顺序标准自动视野计分析视野 (VF) 进展。通过光学相干断层扫描血管造影术（OCT-血管造影术）评估周围毛细血管和黄斑血管密度（VD）。分析了 PSG 参数、OCT-血管造影参数和 VF 进展之间的关联。

结果：

共有 22 名 NTG 患者、30 名 HTG 患者和 24 名对照患者入组。通过回归分析，发现青光眼是中度至重度 OSA 的独立预测因子 ( P = .035)；此外，中度至重度 OSA 与 VF 进展显着相关（HTG 亚组P = .008，总体青光眼 P = .008）。此外，OSA 的严重程度与 NTG 亚组的神经节细胞复合体变薄率呈负相关。

结论：

与对照组相比，青光眼的存在增加了中度至重度 OSA 的风险。OSA 严重程度与青光眼患者的 VF 恶化有关，并进一步与 NTG 亚组的结构进展相关。仔细监测青光眼患者的合并 OSA 状态对于预防疾病进展至关重要。