Various types of biological materials have been developed and applied for tissue regeneration and wound repair. Among them, hydrogel fibers obtained by combining hydrogel with electrospinning provide good tissue matching properties in terms of structure and biological function, thus attracting extensive attention from researchers. Electrospun fibers are made of polymers with adjustable mechanical and degradation properties. Their three-dimensional network structure with a high specific surface area can mimic the structure and characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix, providing more sites for cell adhesion and growth. Meanwhile, hydrogels can yield high water content and present high porosity, elasticity, environmental stimulus responsiveness, and swelling without dissolving, thus being highly compatible with the structure and behavior of human skin tissue. Therefore, integrating these two materials results in hydrogel fibers with the functional characteristics of hydrogels and the structural advantages of fibers, such as high specific surface area, easy weaving, and excellent mechanical properties. Therefore, hydrogel fibers are promising for biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. We systematically review the development of hydrogel fiber technology, material selection, and applications in wound healing. First, the development history of hydrogel fiber preparation is briefly introduced. Second, advantages of hydrogel fibers in wound healing are summarized regarding composition, structure, drug loading, and mechanical properties. Recent research and applications based on hydrogel fibers for wound healing are then reported. Finally, multifunctional hydrogel fiber scaffold materials are analyzed, and future research directions are discussed.

各种类型的生物材料已被开发并应用于组织再生和伤口修复。其中，将水凝胶与静电纺丝相结合获得的水凝胶纤维在结构和生物学功能方面具有良好的组织匹配性能，因此受到了研究人员的广泛关注。电纺纤维由具有可调节机械和降解特性的聚合物制成。它们具有高比表面积的三维网络结构可以模拟天然细胞外基质的结构和特性，为细胞粘附和生长提供更多位点。同时，水凝胶可以产生高含水量并呈现出高孔隙率、弹性、环境刺激响应性和溶胀而不溶解，从而与人体皮肤组织的结构和行为高度兼容。因此，将这两种材料整合在一起，可以得到具有水凝胶功能特性和纤维结构优势的水凝胶纤维，如高比表面积、易编织和优异的机械性能。因此，水凝胶纤维有望用于生物医学应用，如再生医学、组织工程和药物输送。我们系统地回顾了水凝胶纤维技术的发展、材料选择和在伤口愈合中的应用。首先简要介绍了水凝胶纤维制备的发展历史。其次，总结了水凝胶纤维在伤口愈合中的优势，包括成分、结构、载药量和机械性能。然后报告了基于水凝胶纤维用于伤口愈合的最新研究和应用。最后，对多功能水凝胶纤维支架材料进行了分析，并讨论了未来的研究方向。