The soft electronics industry is booming. To integrate with soft tissues (e.g. skin), the materials must possess skin-like properties in terms of stretchability, toughness, elasticity, softness, self-stiffness, swelling resistance, and conductivity. Herein, a biocompatible cellulose biomimetic hydrogel (CBH) showing the characteristics of the skin is fabricated. The first step is the regulation of cellulose self-assembly to form a porous non-swelling supramolecular fiber skeleton. Then, the elastic polymers generate within the pores of skeleton. This design mimics the skin’s structures by utilizing the crystallization behavior of cellulose. Importantly, the cellulose supramolecular network has significantly strengthened the resultant hydrogels with over a 45-fold increase in toughness, and it could reach 4.3 MJ/m³. Moreover, it shows enhanced properties in terms of stretchability, modulus, self-stiffness and elasticity. Investigation on the swelling resistance shows that the utilization of non-swelling porous cellulose skeleton can limit the swelling of CBH. Finally, the fabrication of conductive CBH is performed through the in-situ polymerization of aniline within CBH. It can retain the mechanical features due to the tunable swelling, and also be used as a sensitive and stable strain sensor to monitor human motions, even under an aqueous environment. The gauge factor within the range of 90% to 600% was 1.7. This study highlights the significance of utilizing original cellulose features and provides a new avenue to prepare high-performance strain sensors.

软电子产业蓬勃发展。为了与软组织（例如皮肤）结合，材料必须在拉伸性、韧性、弹性、柔软性、自刚度、抗膨胀性和导电性方面具有类似皮肤的特性。在此，制备了一种具有皮肤特性的生物相容性纤维素仿生水凝胶 (CBH)。第一步是调控纤维素自组装，形成多孔不溶胀的超分子纤维骨架。然后，弹性聚合物在骨架的孔隙内生成。这种设计通过利用纤维素的结晶行为来模仿皮肤的结构。重要的是，纤维素超分子网络显着增强了所得水凝胶的韧性，韧性增加了 45 倍以上，可达到 4.3 MJ/m ³. 此外，它在拉伸性、模量、自刚度和弹性方面表现出增强的特性。耐溶胀性研究表明，利用不溶胀的多孔纤维素骨架可以限制CBH的溶胀。最后，通过苯胺在 CBH 内的原位聚合来制造导电 CBH。由于可调溶胀，它可以保留机械特性，并且还可以用作灵敏且稳定的应变传感器来监测人体运动，即使在水性环境下也是如此。90%～600%范围内的应变系数为1.7。该研究强调了利用原始纤维素特征的重要性，并为制备高性能应变传感器提供了新途径。