Reinventing potato from a clonally propagated tetraploid into a seed-propagated diploid, hybrid potato, is an important innovation in agriculture. Due to deleterious mutations, it has remained a challenge to develop highly homozygous inbred lines, a prerequisite to breed hybrid potato. Here, we employed genome design to develop a generation of pure and fertile potato lines and thereby the uniform, vigorous F₁s. The metrics we applied in genome design included the percentage of genome homozygosity and the number of deleterious mutations in the starting material, the number of segregation distortions in the S₁ population, the haplotype information to infer the break of tight linkage between beneficial and deleterious alleles, and the genome complementarity of the parental lines. This study transforms potato breeding from a slow, non-accumulative mode into a fast-iterative one, thereby potentiating a broad spectrum of benefits to farmers and consumers.

将马铃薯从无性繁殖的四倍体重新改造为种子繁殖的二倍体杂交马铃薯，是农业的一项重要创新。由于有害突变，开发高度纯合的自交系仍然是一个挑战，这是培育杂交马铃薯的先决条件。在这里，我们采用基因组设计来开发一代纯种和可育的马铃薯品系，从而开发出均匀、有活力的 F ₁ s。我们在基因组设计中应用的指标包括基因组纯合性百分比和起始材料中有害突变的数量、S _{1中的分离扭曲数量}种群，单倍型信息来推断有益和有害等位基因之间紧密联系的断裂，以及亲本系的基因组互补性。这项研究将马铃薯育种从一种缓慢的、非累积的模式转变为一种快速迭代的模式，从而为农民和消费者带来了广泛的利益。