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Systematic Mapping of Upper Mantle Seismic Discontinuities Beneath Northeastern North America
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-23 , DOI: 10.1029/2021gc009710
Y. Li 1 , V. Levin 2 , A. Nikulin 1 , X. Chen 2
Affiliation  

Abrupt velocity gradients in the upper mantle, detectable by receiver functions (RF) techniques, have been known to exist down to the depths of ∼110 km beneath northeastern North America. Comparisons with the surface wave velocity models have designated some negative velocity gradients (NVGs) as the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB), delineating a relatively thin lithosphere beneath this region. This work presents a systematic survey of upper mantle layering in seismic properties using P-S RF analysis at 62 long-running sites with dense lateral sampling. We examine both radial and transverse component RF for indicators of seismic anisotropy and adopt the notion of seismic attributes, utilized in active-source seismology, to characterize the spatial distribution of directionally variant and invariant signal components. We confirm a widespread presence of NVGs at depths 60–100 km throughout the region, consistent with previous studies using mode-converted body waves. We also find numerous converting boundaries that reflect changes in directional variation (anisotropy) of seismic velocity, indicating complexity of rock texture in the upper mantle. Some of these boundaries appear as deep as 185 km, implying that the lithosphere extends much deeper than the widespread NVGs would suggest. In this, our results agree with recent estimates of the lithospheric thickness in thermodynamically consistent models combining seismic, gravity, and heat flow constraints.

中文翻译:

北美东北部下方上地幔地震不连续性的系统绘图

已知可通过接收函数 (RF) 技术检测到的上地幔中的突然速度梯度存在于北美洲东北部下方约 110 公里的深处。与表面波速度模型的比较已将一些负速度梯度 (NVG) 指定为岩石圈-软流圈边界 (LAB),描绘了该区域下方相对较薄的岩石圈。这项工作提出了使用 PS RF 分析在 62 个长期运行地点进行密集横向采样的地震特性中上地幔分层的系统调查。我们检查了地震各向异性指标的径向和横向分量 RF,并采用了在有源地震学中使用的地震属性概念来表征方向变化和不变信号分量的空间分布。我们证实在整个地区 60-100 公里深处广泛存在 NVG,这与之前使用模式转换体波的研究一致。我们还发现了许多反映地震速度方向变化(各向异性)变化的转换边界,表明上地幔岩石结构的复杂性。其中一些边界看起来深达 185 公里,这意味着岩石圈延伸得比广泛的 NVG 所暗示的要深得多。在这方面,我们的结果与最近在结合地震、重力和热流约束的热力学一致模型中对岩石圈厚度的估计一致。我们还发现了许多反映地震速度方向变化(各向异性)变化的转换边界,表明上地幔岩石结构的复杂性。其中一些边界看起来深达 185 公里,这意味着岩石圈延伸得比广泛的 NVG 所暗示的要深得多。在这方面,我们的结果与最近在结合地震、重力和热流约束的热力学一致模型中对岩石圈厚度的估计一致。我们还发现了许多反映地震速度方向变化(各向异性)变化的转换边界,表明上地幔岩石结构的复杂性。其中一些边界看起来深达 185 公里,这意味着岩石圈延伸得比广泛的 NVG 所暗示的要深得多。在这方面,我们的结果与最近在结合地震、重力和热流约束的热力学一致模型中对岩石圈厚度的估计一致。
更新日期:2021-07-12
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