This work provides a comparative technical assessment of three technologies for CO₂ removal from air: two aqueous-scrubbing processes and one solid sorbent process. We compute productivity and exergy and energy consumption using process simulations and mathematical optimization. Moreover, we evaluate the cost range and discuss the challenges for large-scale deployment. We show that all technologies can provide high-purity CO₂ and that the solid-based process has the potential to offer the best performance, owing to an exergy demand of 1.4–3.7 $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{k}{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_2}^{-1}$ and a productivity of 3.8–10.6 $\mathrm{k}{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_2}.{\mathrm{m}}^{-3}.{\mathrm{h}}^{-1}$. Translating productivity and energy into cost of CO₂ capture via a simple model, we show that the capital cost is the main cost driver. All technologies have the potential to operate below 200 $\mathrm{\$}.\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}{\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_2}^{-1}$ under favorable, yet realistic, energy and reactor costs. The solid-sorbent process achieves this under a broader range of conditions and is less dependent on the installation cost when a high mass transfer is achieved.

这项工作提供了对从空气中去除CO ₂的三种技术的比较技术评估：两种水洗工艺和一种固体吸附剂工艺。我们使用过程模拟和数学优化来计算生产力、火用和能源消耗。此外，我们评估了成本范围并讨论了大规模部署的挑战。我们表明所有技术都可以提供高纯度的 CO ₂并且基于固体的工艺有可能提供最佳性能，因为火用需求为 1.4-3.7$\mathrm{米}\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{克}{\mathrm{克}}_{\mathrm{丙}{\mathrm{哦}}_2}^{-1}$ 和 3.8-10.6 的生产力 $\mathrm{克}{\mathrm{克}}_{\mathrm{丙}{\mathrm{哦}}_2}.{\mathrm{米}}^{-3}.{\mathrm{H}}^{-1}$. 通过一个简单的模型将生产力和能源转化为 CO ₂捕集成本，我们表明资本成本是主要的成本驱动因素。所有技术都有可能在 200 以下运行$\mathrm{\$}.\mathrm{吨}\mathrm{○}{\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{丙}{\mathrm{哦}}_2}^{-1}$在有利但现实的能源和反应堆成本下。固体吸附剂工艺可在更广泛的条件下实现这一点，并且在实现高传质时对安装成本的依赖性较小。