Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of central nervous system (CNS). The mmune system plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Current treatments are unable to cure patients and prevent the progression of MS lesions. Stem cell-based cell therapy has opened a new window for MS treatment. Stem cells regulate immune responses and improve axonal remyelination. Stem cells can be obtained from different origins such as embryonic, neural, bone marrow, and adipose tissues. But yet there is a challenge for the selection of the best cell source for stem cell therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stem cell obtained from different origins and have significant immunomodulatory effects on the immune system. The increasing evidence have suggested that umbilical cord and adipose tissue can be a suitable source for isolation of MSCs. Moreover, human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) as novel stem cell origins by having immunoregulatory effects, regenerative effects, and less capacity of antigenicity can be a candidate for MS treatment. This review discussed the mechanistic effects of MSCs with a focus on human amniotic epithelial cells, which can be used to treatment and improvement of outcome in MS disease.

中文翻译：

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基于间充质干细胞的细胞疗法的治疗方面，重点是多发性硬化症中的人类羊膜上皮细胞：机制审查。

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的炎症性疾病。免疫系统在其发病机制中起重要作用。目前的治疗方法无法治愈患者并阻止 MS 病变的进展。基于干细胞的细胞疗法为 MS 治疗打开了一扇新窗口。干细胞调节免疫反应并改善轴突髓鞘再生。干细胞可以从不同来源获得，例如胚胎、神经、骨髓和脂肪组织。但是，选择干细胞治疗的最佳细胞来源仍是一个挑战。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一种从不同来源获得的干细胞，对免疫系统具有显着的免疫调节作用。越来越多的证据表明，脐带和脂肪组织可以成为分离 MSCs 的合适来源。此外，人类羊膜上皮细胞 (hAEC) 作为新型干细胞起源，具有免疫调节作用、再生作用和较低的抗原性，可以成为 MS 治疗的候选者。本综述讨论了 MSCs 的机制作用，重点是人类羊膜上皮细胞，其可用于治疗和改善 MS 疾病的结果。