Ammonia is the main environmental pollutant in aquaculture that has a negative impact on the healthy cultivation of common carp. The effects of antioxidant capacity, histopathology, and related gene expression of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) under ammonia stress (2.6 mM ammonia concentration, 168 h) were studied. In the study, ammonia stress can lead to oxidative stress in common carp, which is related to the regulation of SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activities. Histopathology and TUNEL assays confirmed that apoptosis occurred in the hepatopancreas after ammonia stress, and the rate of apoptosis increased significantly with increasing exposure time (P < 0.05). We found the mRNA expression of p53, BAX, caspase-9, and caspase-3 were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05), and the transcriptional expression of BCL-2 was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in the late stage of ammonia exposure (96 h and 168 h). The results showed the apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of common carp under ammonia stress may be mediated by oxidative stress through the p53–BAX/BCL-2 apoptosis signal pathway.

氨是水产养殖中的主要环境污染物，对鲤鱼的健康养殖产生负面影响。的抗氧化能力，组织病理学和鲤鱼的相关基因表达的影响（鲤) 在氨胁迫下（2.6 mM 氨浓度，168 小时）进行了研究。本研究中氨胁迫可导致鲤鱼发生氧化应激，这与调节 SOD、GSH-PX 和 CAT 活性有关。组织病理学和 TUNEL 检测证实氨胁迫后肝胰腺发生细胞凋亡，并且随着暴露时间的增加，细胞凋亡率显着增加（P < 0.05）。我们发现在氨暴露后期p53、BAX、caspase-9和caspase-3的mRNA表达显着增强（P < 0.05），BCL-2的转录表达被显着抑制（P < 0.05） （96 小时和 168 小时）。结果表明氨胁迫下鲤鱼肝胰腺的凋亡可能是由氧化应激通过p53-BAX/BCL-2凋亡信号通路介导的。