Nucleotomy is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of lumbar diseases. It may accelerate degeneration in the operated disc and decreased segmental stability, and this has been widely concerned by scholars for many years. However, under whole-body vibration, nucleotomy how to affect the vibration characteristics of the lumbar spine and complications is urgent to know. A three-dimensional nonlinear osteoligamentous finite element model of the intact L1-sacrum lumbar spine with muscles was established, and the nucleus of the L4–L5 disc was removed in the nucleotomy model. The lower surface of the sacrum was fully constrained for all models. A 5 Hz, 40 N sinusoidal vertical load supplemented with a 400 N preload was applied at L1 to simulate the vertical vibration of the human body. The results showed that nucleotomy increased the dynamic responses of the discs such as stress in the annulus ground substance and intradiscal pressure both in the maximum value and vibration amplitude. The maximum endplate stresses and corresponding vibration amplitudes of the denucleated L4–L5 level increased because of nucleotomy. Nucleotomy decreased the maximum response values of disc height and segmental lordosis but increased the corresponding amplitudes. Therefore, these findings imply that nucleotomy may increase the risk of developing complications such as disc degeneration, adjacent segment disease, endplate degeneration, lumbar instability, nerve root compress, isthmic spondylolisthesis, and lumbar disc herniation under whole-body vibration. This study reveals insights into the effect of the nucleotomy on the vibration characteristics of the lumbar spine and provides new information toward the relationship between nucleotomy and complications.

髓核切开术是治疗腰椎疾病的常见外科手术。它可能会加速手术椎间盘的退变，降低节段稳定性，多年来一直受到学者们的广泛关注。然而，在全身振动下，髓核切开术如何影响腰椎的振动特性及并发症是迫切需要了解的。建立完整的带肌肉的L1-骶骨腰椎的三维非线性骨韧带有限元模型，并在切核模型中去除L4-L5椎间盘的核。对于所有模型，骶骨的下表面都受到完全约束。在 L1 处施加 5 Hz、40 N 正弦垂直载荷并辅以 400 N 预载荷，以模拟人体的垂直振动。结果表明，髓核切开术增加了椎间盘的动态响应，如环形基质中的应力和椎间盘内压力的最大值和振动幅度。由于核切开术，去核的 L4-L5 水平的最大终板应力和相应的振动幅度增加。髓核切开术降低了椎间盘高度和节段性脊柱前凸的最大响应值，但增加了相应的幅度。因此，这些发现意味着核切开术可能会增加发生并发症的风险，如椎间盘退变、邻近节段疾病、终板退变、腰椎不稳定、神经根压迫、峡部滑脱和全身振动下的腰椎间盘突出症。