The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments worldwide to produce solutions to the abruptly interrupted work in education. School systems appear to have responded rapidly, creating home schooling and online educational environments, where teachers and students would interact with safety. In this paper, we attempt a synthesis of Sen’s capability approach, Bourdieu’s theory of capital and Bernstein’s framework in order to theorize the relationships between home and school conditions and practices, and to analyse the data of the 2nd Survey of Schools: ICT in Education (a survey conducted in 2019 on behalf of the European Commission collecting data regarding digitalization in education and digital technologies in learning in the European Union). The survey is complemented by a second set of indicators provided by Eurostat to further investigate the availability and functionality of household space per family in selected European countries. We find significant differences in important social and environmental conversion factors, likely limiting children’s capability to benefit from digital schooling. The most important differences are found in regard to parents’ familiarity with information and communications technology use, while inequalities in environmental factors, such as overcrowded housing, are also existent. Overall, there are large inequalities within and between countries in Europe, which need to be addressed by policymakers.

COVID-19 大流行迫使世界各国政府为突然中断的教育工作制定解决方案。学校系统似乎反应迅速，创造了家庭教育和在线教育环境，教师和学生可以在其中安全地互动。在本文中，我们尝试综合 Sen 的能力方法、Bourdieu 的资本理论和 Bernstein 的框架，以理论化家庭和学校条件和实践之间的关系，并分析第二次学校调查：教育中的信息通信技术（ 2019 年代表欧盟委员会进行的一项调查收集了有关欧盟教育数字化和学习数字技术的数据）。该调查得到了欧盟统计局提供的第二组指标的补充，以进一步调查选定欧洲国家每个家庭的家庭空间的可用性和功能。我们发现重要的社会和环境转换因素存在显着差异，这可能会限制儿童从数字教育中受益的能力。最重要的差异在于父母对信息和通信技术使用的熟悉程度，同时也存在环境因素方面的不平等，例如住房过度拥挤。总体而言，欧洲国家内部和国家之间存在巨大的不平等，需要政策制定者解决。我们发现重要的社会和环境转换因素存在显着差异，这可能会限制儿童从数字教育中受益的能力。最重要的差异在于父母对信息和通信技术使用的熟悉程度，同时也存在环境因素方面的不平等，例如住房过度拥挤。总体而言，欧洲国家内部和国家之间存在巨大的不平等，需要政策制定者解决。我们发现重要的社会和环境转换因素存在显着差异，这可能会限制儿童从数字教育中受益的能力。最重要的差异在于父母对信息和通信技术使用的熟悉程度，同时也存在环境因素方面的不平等，例如住房过度拥挤。总体而言，欧洲国家内部和国家之间存在巨大的不平等，需要政策制定者解决。