Loyalty has long been associated with being moral and upstanding, but recent research has begun documenting how loyalty can lead people to do unethical things. Here we offer an integrative perspective on loyalty and its outcomes. We suggest that a variety of bottom-up and top-down psychological processes lead individuals to be loyal to people and organizations they have obligations to, and that these processes operate in ways that reduce the cognitive dissonance experienced when loyalties conflict with each other or with other moral principles. In this article, we articulate what loyalty is, describe the typical objects of loyalty, explain the mental processes involved in navigating loyalty dilemmas, and end by offering an integrative perspective that illuminates why loyalty leads to both ethical and unethical outcomes and when each type of outcome is likely to occur.

忠诚长期以来一直与道德和正直联系在一起，但最近的研究开始记录忠诚如何导致人们做不道德的事情。在这里，我们提供了关于忠诚度及其结果的综合观点。我们建议，各种自下而上和自上而下的心理过程会导致个人忠于他们有义务的人和组织，并且这些过程的运作方式可以减少忠诚度相互冲突或相互冲突时所经历的认知失调。其他道德原则。在本文中，我们阐明了忠诚是什么，描述了忠诚的典型对象，解释了解决忠诚困境所涉及的心理过程，