The date of Targum Pseudo-Jonathan has been the occasion of much controversy, with propositions ranging from the Second Temple period to the time of the Crusades. Related to the Targum is the late midrashic work Pirqe deRabbi Eliezer (eighth century), but the nature of this relationship is disputed. The present article proposes that the Targum depends unilaterally on PRE, based on two principal arguments: 1. PRE does not refer to common Targumic traditions in Pseudo-Jonathan; and 2. Pseudo-Jonathan uses sources that post-date PRE, namely the Chronicles of Moses, which was written around the eleventh century. The Targum’s use of late sources places its redaction long after the conclusion of the first millennium. The author proposes a twelfth-century Italian origin, which corresponds to the earliest evidence for the Targum.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan 的日期引起了很多争议，其提议范围从第二圣殿时期到十字军东征时期。与 Targum 相关的是后期 Midrashic 作品 Pirqe deRabbi Eliezer（八世纪），但这种关系的性质是有争议的。本文基于以下两个主要论点提出 Targum 单方面依赖于PRE：1. PRE不是指 Pseudo-Jonathan 中常见的 Targumic 传统；和 2. Pseudo-Jonathan 使用PRE 之后的来源，即写于十一世纪左右的摩西编年史。Targum 对后期资料的使用在第一个千年结束后很久才进行编辑。作者提出了一个 12 世纪的意大利起源，这对应于 Targum 的最早证据。