To reduce costs, the solar cell industry aims at producing thinner solar cells. Structuring the surfaces of optically thin devices is important for avoiding transmission-related losses and, hence, increasing their efficiency. Light trapping leads to longer optical pathlengths and increased absorption of energy. In addition, resonances in the nanostructures enhance the absorption in the energy-converting material. Further, resonances in periodic structures may couple with each other and thereby increase the absorption. Here, we establish a model system consisting of a multilayered solar cell to study resonances and coupling of resonances in a one-dimensional system. We show that resonances in energy-converting and nonenergy converting layers exist, evaluate the resonances and the coupling of resonances in different thin-film systems, and show how they affect the total absorption of energy in the energy-converting layer. We optimize the parameters of the multilayered thin-film systems to achieve an increase in the amount of the absorbed energy. We find that resonances in nonabsorbing material at the top may lead to absorption enhancement, while we cannot find any enhancement effect due to the coupling of resonances.

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光学薄太阳能电池共振结构的研究

为了降低成本，太阳能电池行业的目标是生产更薄的太阳能电池。构造光学薄器件的表面对于避免与传输相关的损耗并因此提高其效率很重要。光捕获导致更长的光路长度和增加的能量吸收。此外，纳米结构中的共振增强了能量转换材料的吸收。此外，周期性结构中的共振可能相互耦合，从而增加吸收。在这里，我们建立了一个由多层太阳能电池组成的模型系统，以研究一维系统中的共振和共振耦合。我们表明能量转换层和非能量转换层中存在共振，评估不同薄膜系统中的共振和共振耦合，并展示它们如何影响能量转换层中能量的总吸收。我们优化了多层薄膜系统的参数，以增加吸收的能量。我们发现顶部非吸收材料的共振可能导致吸收增强，而由于共振的耦合，我们找不到任何增强效果。