The 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda rests on both economic growth and Inclusive Development (ID). However, since growth is entangled with socio-ecological exploitation and appropriation, it conflicts with ID where ‘inclusive’ encompasses social, ecological and relational dimensions, and fundamentally redefines ‘development’. Using Toulmin’s argumentative model, we show that: (a) inclusive green growth does not promote socio-ecological inclusion and ignores relational inclusion, as economic growth cannot be optimized towards those broader aims; (b) policies for inclusion through pro-poor ‘access’ without ‘re-allocation’ of resources are self-defeating, as inequitable allocation of wealth and of a limited environmental utilization space impoverishes the poor and transfers ecological risks to them; (c) ‘re-allocation’ requires a post-growth agenda involving a downscaling of overconsumption and overaccumulation by the global Centers, and a redefinition of development by the Peripheries; and (d) such an agenda is obstructed by the unequal distribution of wealth and political power. The only way forward is when science and social movements converge to demand system change on the streets and in the courts.

2030 年可持续发展议程取决于经济增长和包容性发展 (ID)。然而，由于增长与社会生态开发和占有纠缠在一起，它与 ID 冲突，其中“包容性”包含社会、生态和关系维度，并从根本上重新定义了“发展”. 使用 Toulmin 的论证模型，我们表明： (a) 包容性绿色增长不会促进社会生态包容性并忽视关系包容性，因为经济增长无法朝着这些更广泛的目标进行优化；(b) 通过有利于穷人的“获取”而不是“重新分配”资源来实现包容性的政策是弄巧成拙的，因为财富分配不公平和环境利用空间有限，使穷人陷入贫困，并将生态风险转移给他们；(c) “重新分配”需要一个后增长议程，包括减少全球中心的过度消费和过度积累，并重新定义外围地区的发展；(d) 这样的议程受到财富和政治权力分配不均的阻碍。