Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103723 Dominik Schüttler 1 , Ludwig T Weckbach 2 , Wolfgang Hamm 3 , Florian Maier 4 , Sari Kassem 4 , Johannes Schier 3 , Korbinian Lackermair 4 , Stefan Brunner 4
Purpose
High altitude (HA) training is frequently used in endurance sports and recreational athletes increasingly participate in cross mountain competitions. At high altitude aerobic physiology changes profoundly. Ventilatory thresholds (VTs) are measures for endurance performance but the impact of exposure to acute altitude (AA) on VTs in recreational athletes has been insufficiently explored to date and most studies investigated effects under normobaric hypoxia.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study we investigated the effects of AA exposure at 2650 m/715 mbar on anerobic threshold (VT1) and respiratory compensation point (VT2) in a graded cycling test in 14 recreational athletes (4 female, 10 male) compared to baseline levels (521 m, 949 mbar).
Results
At VT1, a decline in power output (PO) from median 115.5 W to 105.0 W (median -12.3 %, p = 0.032; Wilcoxon test) during exposure to HA was observed. VO2/body weight and VO2/heart rate decreased markedly (- 9.5 %, p = 0.016; -10.5 %, p = 0.012). At VT2 we found a significant decline of PO from 184.5–170.5 W (-13.1 %, p = 0.0014), of VO2/body weight and of VO2/heart rate (-10.1 %, p = 0.0015; -8.7 %, p = 0.002) compared to baseline values. Absolute VO2 decreased (-9.5 %, p = 0.0014 and -10.1 %, p = 0.0002) while minute ventilation and heart rates remained unchanged at both thresholds.
Conclusion
Our data allows a quantification of performance loss at HA in recreational athletes and demonstrates that VT-guided training intensities and workloads need to be adapted for training at HA.
中文翻译:
急性高原暴露对休闲运动员通气阈值的影响
目的
高海拔 (HA) 训练经常用于耐力运动,休闲运动员越来越多地参加跨山比赛。在高海拔地区,有氧生理发生了深刻的变化。通气阈值 (VTs) 是衡量耐力表现的指标,但迄今为止,尚未充分探索暴露于急性高原 (AA) 对休闲运动员 VTs 的影响,大多数研究调查了常压缺氧下的影响。
方法
在这项横断面研究中,我们在 14 名休闲运动员(4 名女性,10 名男性)的分级自行车测试中调查了 2650 m/715 mbar AA 暴露对无氧阈值 (VT1) 和呼吸补偿点 (VT2) 的影响。基线水平(521 m,949 mbar)。
结果
在 VT1,在暴露于 HA 期间,观察到功率输出 (PO) 从中值 115.5 W 下降到 105.0 W(中值 -12.3 %,p = 0.032;Wilcoxon 检验)。VO 2 /体重和VO 2 /心率显着下降(- 9.5 %,p = 0.016;-10.5 %,p = 0.012)。在 VT2,我们发现 PO 从 184.5-170.5 W(-13.1 %,p = 0.0014)显着下降,VO 2 /体重和 VO 2 /心率(-10.1 %,p = 0.0015;-8.7 %, p = 0.002) 与基线值相比。绝对 VO 2下降(-9.5 %,p = 0.0014 和 -10.1 %,p = 0.0002),而每分钟通气量和心率在两个阈值下均保持不变。
结论
我们的数据可以量化休闲运动员在 HA 的表现损失,并表明 VT 引导的训练强度和工作量需要适应 HA 的训练。