ABSTRACT

The ongoing political unrest and severe economic hardships in Sudan have led many Sudanese to arrive in Europe as asylum seekers. Throughout the years, after obtaining refugee status and becoming European citizens, many settle in the host countries of which they are citizens, while others move onwards to other EU countries as European labour migrants. As the migrants’ legal statuses change during these different stages, so do their welfare and labour-market entitlements, as well as their aspirations and possibilities to achieve them. Drawing on 14 months of ethnographic fieldwork with Sudanese families across the Netherlands, the UK and Sudan, this article explores the strategies deployed by male and female migrants to navigate the current welfare states, labour-market and migration regimes according to their life-course-related needs and aspirations. The article evidences the existing expectations and contradictions in these regimes towards mobile populations and the consequent social and gender inequalities they perpetuate.

摘要

苏丹持续的政治动荡和严重的经济困难导致许多苏丹人以寻求庇护者的身份抵达欧洲。多年来，在获得难民身份并成为欧洲公民后，许多人在他们所属的东道国定居，而另一些人则以欧洲劳工移民的身份前往其他欧盟国家。随着移民在这些不同阶段的法律地位发生变化，他们的福利和劳动力市场权利以及实现这些目标的愿望和可能性也会发生变化。本文利用对荷兰、英国和苏丹的苏丹家庭进行的 14 个月的民族志实地考察，探讨了男性和女性移民为适应当前的福利国家而部署的策略，劳动力市场和移民制度，根据他们与生命历程相关的需求和愿望。文章证明了这些制度对流动人口的现有期望和矛盾，以及由此导致的社会和性别不平等。