Road transport is the dominant mode of transport in Pakistan carrying 91% of the country’s passenger traffic and 96% of freight traffic. National highways, being 3.7% of the entire road network, carry 80% of commercial traffic. Due to the high number of road traffic crashes and resulting fatalities, a random parameters logit model was estimated to determine the risk factors that influence the severity of injuries caused by motor vehicle crashes on national highways. The effects of driver characteristics, crash characteristics, highway characteristics, temporal characteristics, and environmental characteristics were considered for the analysis. From the results, it was revealed that many factors such as overspeeding, driver dozing, driver carelessness, driver age <25 years, truck, rickshaw, single vehicle, horizontal curve, potholes, night without road lights, AM peak, Tuesday, weekdays, May, July, November, cloudy weather, clear weather, normal visibility, and wet road surface affect injury severity of the crash victims. The results are expected to be useful for transport planners, traffic managers, road engineers, and other stakeholders both from public and private sectors in prioritizing road sections for improvements and implementing suitable road safety interventions. This will ultimately result in the decreased social and economic burden of road traffic injuries (RTIs).

中文翻译：

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巴基斯坦国道机动车碰撞事故伤害严重程度影响因素实证分析

公路运输是巴基斯坦的主要运输方式，承载着全国 91% 的客运量和 96% 的货运量。国道占整个公路网的 3.7%，承载了 80% 的商业交通。由于道路交通事故和由此造成的死亡人数众多，因此估计了一个随机参数 logit 模型，以确定影响国家高速公路上机动车碰撞造成的伤害严重程度的风险因素。分析时考虑了驾驶员特征、碰撞特征、公路特征、时间特征和环境特征的影响。结果表明，超速、司机打瞌睡、司机粗心、司机年龄<25岁、卡车、人力车、单车、水平弯道、坑洼、没有路灯的夜晚、上午高峰、周二、工作日、5 月、7 月、11 月，多云天气，晴朗的天气，能见度正常，以及潮湿的路面会影响车祸受害者的伤害严重程度。预计结果将有助于公共和私营部门的交通规划者、交通管理者、道路工程师和其他利益相关者优先考虑要改进的路段并实施适当的道路安全干预措施。这将最终导致道路交通伤害 (RTI) 的社会和经济负担减轻。和来自公共和私营部门的其他利益相关者在优先考虑要改进的路段和实施适当的道路安全干预措施方面。这将最终导致道路交通伤害 (RTI) 的社会和经济负担减轻。和来自公共和私营部门的其他利益相关者在优先考虑要改进的路段和实施适当的道路安全干预措施方面。这将最终导致道路交通伤害 (RTI) 的社会和经济负担减轻。