The use of optimization techniques for the optimal design of roads and railways has increased in recent years. The environmental impact of a layout is usually given in terms of the land use where it runs (avoiding some ecologically protected areas), without taking into account air pollution (in these or other sensitive areas) due to vehicular traffic on the road. This work addresses this issue and proposes an automatic method for obtaining a specific corridor (optimal in terms of air pollution), where the economically optimized road must be designed in a later stage. Combining a 1D traffic simulation model with a 2D air pollution model, and using classical techniques for optimal control of partial differential equations, the problem is formulated and solved in the framework of Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming. The usefulness of this approach is shown in a real case study posed in a region that suffers from serious episodes of environmental pollution, the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (México).

近年来，优化技术在公路和铁路优化设计中的使用有所增加。布局的环境影响通常是根据其所在的土地用途（避开一些生态保护区）给出的，而没有考虑由于道路上的车辆交通造成的空气污染（在这些或其他敏感区域）。这项工作解决了这个问题，并提出了一种自动获得特定走廊的方法（在空气污染方面是最佳的），其中经济优化的道路必须在后期设计。将一维交通仿真模型与二维空气污染模型相结合，并使用经典技术对偏微分方程进行优化控制，在混合整数非线性规划的框架内制定并解决了该问题。