The simulated constructed wetland with Vallisneria natans was studied for the migration and transformation of dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur pollutants and characterization of microbial community under different concentrations (7.5, 15, 22.5, 30 mgN/L) of NH₄⁺-N. Results indicated that the recovery rate of DO was 0.027–0.07 mg/h, and the removal rate of NH₄⁺-N was over 90%. Meanwhile, S²⁻ was generated into different forms when the DO and the sulfate concentration were below 1 mg/L and over 100 mg/L, respectively. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that after 30 days, the microbial diversity in both sediments declined, while that in the biofilms of leaves increased by 16.42%. Overall, Vallisneria natans can change microbial communities by releasing oxygen and provide attachment system to form biofilms. When C_inlet(NH₄⁺-N) < 22.5 mgN/L, C_inlet(SO₄²⁻) < 135 mg/L, Vallisneria natans can effectively prevent water quality deterioration and strengthen the in-situ self-purification ability of water.

研究了苦草模拟人工湿地在不同浓度（7.5、15、22.5、30 mgN/L）NH ₄ ⁺ -N下溶解氧、氮和硫污染物的迁移转化和微生物群落特征。结果表明，DO的回收率为0.027～0.07mg/h，NH ₄ ⁺ -N的去除率达90%以上。同时，当溶解氧和硫酸盐浓度分别低于 1 mg/L 和超过 100 mg/L 时，S ^2-会产生不同的形式。此外，16S rRNA测序分析表明，30天后，两种沉积物中的微生物多样性均下降，而叶片生物膜中的微生物多样性增加了16.42%。全面的，Vallisneria natans可以通过释放氧气来改变微生物群落，并提供附着系统以形成生物膜。当C_入口(NH ₄ ⁺ -N) < 22.5 mgN/L，C_入口(SO ₄ ²⁻ ) < 135 mg/L时，苦草能有效防止水质恶化，增强水的原位自净能力.