ABSTRACT

Studies were conducted to explore the extent of conopid fly infestation in carpenter bee rearing. Conopid flies are larval parasitoids of carpenter bees. The samples were collected from fields, natural nesting sites and artificially domiciled nests. The seasonal incidences of conopid flies in Xylocopa were observed from January 2019 to June 2020. The biology of conopid flies revealed different stages of their life cycle. Two species of conopid fly, Physocephala rufipes and Physocephala scutellata were identified to infect carpenter bees in this region. The total development period of P. rufipes ranged between 130 and 185 days while it was 136–191 days in P. scutellata. Seasonal incidences showed higher infestation during June to August which ranged between 25 and 38% and the infested foragers died after 7–11 days of infestation. A comparative seasonal incidence of P. rufipes and P. scutellata revealed higher infestation in X. tenuiscapa (15.96% and 16.79%) over X. fenestrata 14.29% and 14.66% during 2019 and 2020. The incidence of P. rufipes was higher in both the carpenter bees (64–71.11%) as compared to P. scutellata (28.29–36.93%).The highest incidence of P. rufipes was recorded from Dimapur (29.68%) while P. scutellata infestation was higher in Peren.

摘要

进行了研究以探索木匠蜜蜂饲养中锥虫病的侵扰程度。锥虫是木蜂的幼虫寄生蜂。样本是从田间、天然筑巢地点和人工定居的巢穴中收集的。在2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月期间，观察到了 Xylocopa 中锥虫的季节性发病率。锥虫的生物学揭示了它们生命周期的不同阶段。确定了两种锥蝇，Physocephala rufipes和Physocephala scutellata感染该地区的木匠蜜蜂。P. rufipes的总发育期在 130 至 185 天之间，而P. scutellata为 136 至 191 天. 季节性发病率在 6 月至 8 月期间表现出较高的侵染率，介于 25% 至 38% 之间，被侵染的觅食者在侵扰 7 至 11 天后死亡。P. rufipes和P. scutellata的季节性发病率比较显示，2019 年和 2020 年X. tenuiscapa（15.96% 和 16.79%）的侵染率高于X. fenestrata 14.29% 和 14.66% 。P. rufipes的发病率在两者中都较高木匠蜜蜂 (64–71.11%) 与P. scutellata (28.29–36.93%) 相比。Dimapur (29.68%) 记录的P. rufipes发生率最高，而 Peren 的P. scutellata侵染率较高。