A series of novel zinc-polyurethane copolymers, which contained zinc cations in the form of polymeric salt and can be exchanged with the sodium ions in sea water, was prepared. As the ion exchange reaction proceeded, the zinc-polyurethane copolymers became soluble and leached out by the flow of sea water. The self-polishing rates of marine antifouling coatings formulated with the polymers proved to be easily controlled by the amount of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid. Marine field test revealed that zinc-polyurethane antifouling coatings had excellent efficiency in preventing marine biofouling for more than 12 months. These results proved that the zinc-polyurethane copolymers were a good candidate for the preparation of long-efficiency and controllable marine antifouling coatings.

制备了一系列新型锌-聚氨酯共聚物，其含有聚合物盐形式的锌阳离子，可与海水中的钠离子进行交换。随着离子交换反应的进行，锌-聚氨酯共聚物变得可溶并被海水流浸出。事实证明，用聚合物配制的海洋防污涂料的自抛光速率很容易通过 2,2-双（羟甲基）丙酸的量来控制。海洋现场试验表明，锌-聚氨酯防污涂料在超过 12 个月的时间内在防止海洋生物污垢方面具有出色的效率。这些结果证明锌-聚氨酯共聚物是制备长效可控海洋防污涂料的良好候选者。