This retrospective study was designed to describe the clinical characteristics and prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. We retrospectively enrolled 31 patients newly diagnosed with HIV-infected DLBCL from 2009 to 2019 in our institution. The median age of patients was 47 years, and most patients were male (n = 27, 87.1%). Baseline mean CD4⁺ count was 150.72 ± 146.57/μl. Eighteen (58.1%) patients had B symptoms. Categorized by international prognostic index (IPI) score, 7 cases (22.6%) were in low-risk group (IPI 0-1) and 24 cases (77.4%) were in medium-high risk group (IPI 2-5). Twenty-five (80.6%) patients received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 16 (51.6%) underwent standard chemotherapy. The mortality rate was 58.1% (18/31). Univariate survival analysis revealed that HCV infection (p = 0.032), standard chemotherapy treatments (p = 0.038) were associated with overall survival (OS). Our results showed that HIV-infected DLBCL patients had high-risk stratification and high mortality. HCV-coinfection might be associated with poor OS. Early diagnosis and standardized treatments might be beneficial for promoting the survival of HIV-infected DLBCL patients.

这项回顾性研究旨在描述人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者的临床特征和预后。我们回顾性纳入了 2009 年至 2019 年本机构新诊断的 31 名 HIV 感染的 DLBCL 患者。患者的中位年龄为 47 岁，大多数患者为男性（n  = 27，87.1%）。基线平均 CD4 ⁺计数为 150.72 ± 146.57/μl。18 名（58.1%）患者有 B 症状。按国际预后指数（IPI）评分分类，低危组（IPI 0~1）7例（22.6%），中高危组（IPI 2~5）24例（77.4%）。25 名患者 (80.6%) 接受了高效抗逆转录病毒治疗 (HAART)，16 名患者 (51.6%) 接受了标准化疗。死亡率为58.1%（18/31）。单变量生存分析显示，HCV 感染 ( p  = 0.032)、标准化疗治疗 ( p  = 0.038) 与总生存 (OS) 相关。我们的结果表明，HIV 感染的 DLBCL 患者具有高风险分层和高死亡率。HCV 合并感染可能与操作系统较差有关。早期诊断和标准化治疗可能有利于促进 HIV 感染的 DLBCL 患者的生存。