Abstract. Seasonal and latitude oscillations of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) were investigated by zonal mean total electron content (TEC) provided from global gridded GNSS data from 1999 to 2017. Maximum monthly zonal mean TEC values showed NH spring equinox’s value is higher than fall's. Some fluctuations are observed due to upward planetary wave propagation in equinoxes and winter especially in low solar activity. Two cases of super-fountain effect were also clearly detected on zonal mean TEC.

中文翻译：

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全球 GNSS 站提供的纬向平均总电子含量和超级喷泉效应的纬度振荡

摘要。赤道电离异常 (EIA) 的季节性和纬度振荡通过 1999 年至 2017 年全球网格化 GNSS 数据提供的纬向平均总电子含量 (TEC) 进行研究。 最大月纬向平均 TEC 值表明 NH 春分的值高于秋季的值。由于在昼夜平分点和冬季，尤其是在太阳活动较低的情况下，行星波向上传播，观察到了一些波动。在区域平均 TEC 上也清楚地检测到两例超级喷泉效应。