We are currently experiencing an enduring global epidemic of obesity and diabetes. It is now understood that chronic low-grade tissue inflammation plays an important role in metabolic disease, brought upon by increased uptake of a so-called Western diet, and a more sedentary lifestyle. Many evolutionarily conserved links exist between metabolism and the immune system, and an imbalance in this system induced by chronic over-nutrition has been termed ‘metaflammation’. The complement system is an important and evolutionarily ancient part of innate immunity, but recent work has revealed that complement not only is involved in the recognition of pathogens and induction of inflammation, but also plays important roles in cellular and tissue homeostasis. Complement can therefore contribute both positively and negatively to metabolic control, depending on the nature and anatomical site of its activity. This review will therefore focus on the interactions of complement with mechanisms and tissues relevant for metabolic control, obesity and diabetes.

我们目前正在经历一场持久的全球肥胖和糖尿病流行病。现在人们了解到，慢性低度组织炎症在代谢疾病中起着重要作用，这是由所谓的西方饮食的摄取增加和久坐不动的生活方式引起的。新陈代谢和免疫系统之间存在许多进化上保守的联系，慢性营养过剩导致的系统失衡被称为“元炎症”。补体系统是先天免疫的重要且进化上古老的部分，但最近的研究表明，补体不仅参与病原体的识别和炎症的诱导，而且在细胞和组织稳态中发挥重要作用。因此，补体可以对代谢控制做出积极和消极的贡献，取决于其活动的性质和解剖部位。因此，本综述将重点关注补体与代谢控制、肥胖和糖尿病相关的机制和组织的相互作用。