The present study aims to analyse the effect of the passage of time on the phenomenological characteristics of the memory of a traumatic event of social relevance. The terrorist attack that took place in Barcelona (Spain) in August 2017 was taken as the traumatic event. A priori, this event meets the criteria to produce a flashbulb memory (level of surprise, consequentiality and emotional activation). A total of 364 memories from different individuals (78% women and a mean age of 20 years) were studied at five different time points, between September 2017 and December 2018, using the CCFRA/PQAM questionnaire. The results show that the memories only comply with the characteristics usually associated with flashbulb memories in the medium term (about 7 months after the events). These characteristics do not appear in a clear way immediately and are lost just over a year after the event. Therefore, the passage of time seems to have a great influence on the characteristics of memories of violent events, such as terrorist attacks. However, this influence may depend more on the relevance given to the event than on the elapsed time, as it is the relevance that determines the number of subsequent recalls, influencing the maintenance of the memory.

本研究旨在分析时间流逝对具有社会相关性的创伤事件记忆的现象学特征的影响。2017 年 8 月在巴塞罗那（西班牙）发生的恐怖袭击被视为创伤性事件。先验地，该事件符合产生闪光灯记忆的标准（惊喜程度、后果性和情绪激活程度）。使用 CCFRA/PQAM 问卷在 2017 年 9 月至 2018 年 12 月之间的五个不同时间点研究了来自不同个体（78% 为女性，平均年龄为 20 岁）的总共 364 条记忆。结果表明，在中期（事件发生后约 7 个月），记忆仅符合通常与闪光灯记忆相关的特征。这些特征不会立即以清晰的方式出现，并且在事件发生一年多后就会消失。因此，时间的流逝似乎对恐怖袭击等暴力事件的记忆特征有很大影响。然而，这种影响可能更多地取决于给予事件的相关性而不是经过的时间，因为相关性决定了后续回忆的数量，影响了记忆的维持。