ABSTRACT

Beliefs may be described as Type A, scientific and verifiable (objective), or Type B, not verifiable and personal (subjective). Type B might be considered subjective opinion, something other than empirically confirmed, objective truth. Nevertheless, Type B is asserted as truth by some and can be valued over Type A. Both kinds of belief are important in special education, and both have advantages and disadvantages. When Type A belief is available, it must be given precedence over Type B for informing and determining public policies and for choosing special education interventions. Unjust treatment of disabilities, including children with exceptionalities, is one predictable consequence of ignoring Type A belief, although it is also possible for injustice to be the result of ignoring Type B.

摘要

信念可以被描述为 A 型，科学和可验证（客观），或 B 型，不可验证和个人（主观）。B型可能被认为是主观意见，不是经验证实的客观真理。尽管如此，B 型被一些人断言为真理，并且比 A 型更有价值。这两种信念在特殊教育中都很重要，并且都有优点和缺点。当 A 型信念可用时，它必须优先于 B 型来告知和确定公共政策以及选择特殊教育干预措施。对残疾的不公正待遇，包括有特殊情况的儿童，是忽视 A 型信念的一个可预见的后果，尽管不公正也可能是忽视 B 型信念的结果。