Epstein-Barr virus-induced G-protein coupled receptor 2 (EBI2) is important in regulating B cell activation. We investigated whether EBI2 expression on B cells is associated with acute attacks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with aquaporin-4 IgG (AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD). Blood samples were collected from patients with AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD, multiple sclerosis (MS), and patients without inflammatory demyelinating diseases (non-IDD controls). CD19+ B cells and CD4+ T cells were analyzed for surface expression of EBI2. Serum cytokine levels were also analyzed. The EBI2+CD19+ to EBI2–CD19+ cell ratio was significantly higher in patients with AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD enrolled within 2 months of an attack than in those with non-IDDs (p = 0.007) and MS (p = 0.003). Patients with AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD enrolled within 2 months of an attack had a higher EBI2+CD19+ cell frequency than patients with AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD enrolled 2 months after a recent attack (p = 0.001). The EBI2+CD19+ cell frequency was positively correlated with interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. EBI2 expression on B cells could be associated with acute attacks of AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD, possibly through IL-6- or IL-10-related pathways.

Epstein-Barr 病毒诱导的 G 蛋白偶联受体 2 (EBI2) 在调节 B 细胞活化中很重要。我们研究了 B 细胞上的 EBI2 表达是否与水通道蛋白 4 IgG (AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD) 视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的急性发作有关。从患有 AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD、多发性硬化症 (MS) 的患者和没有炎性脱髓鞘疾病的患者（非 IDD 对照）收集血液样本。分析 CD19+ B 细胞和 CD4+ T 细胞的 EBI2 表面表达。还分析了血清细胞因子水平。与非 IDD（p = 0.007）和 MS（p = 0.003）患者相比，在发作后 2 个月内入组的 AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD 患者的 EBI2+CD19+ 与 EBI2-CD19+ 细胞比率显着更高。与近期发作后 2 个月招募的 AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD 患者相比，在发作后 2 个月内招募的 AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD 患者具有更高的 EBI2+CD19+ 细胞频率 (p = 0.001)。EBI2+CD19+ 细胞频率与白细胞介素 (IL)-6 和 IL-10 呈正相关。B 细胞上的 EBI2 表达可能与 AQP4-IgG(+) NMOSD 的急性发作有关，可能通过 IL-6 或 IL-10 相关途径。