The ongoing climate change with increasingly frequent, prolonged drought during the vegetation period is a significant factor affecting production of field crops, including durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). One of the approaches to effectively protect plants from drought stress is the foliar application of bioactive substances and selection of appropriate genetic material for specific location conditions. In this study, the impacts of brown seaweed based and humic substance-based biostimulants were researched. The positive impact of bioactive substances on grain yield has been reported in many studies. However, the impact on quality components is questionable and not well investigated. In this study, a highly significant (α < 0.01) positive impact of bioactive substances on grain yield was confirmed. The highest grain yield was observed on the fertilized variant with humic substances (4.03 t ha⁻¹). When compared to control, there was a high statistically significant difference. The biofertilization impact on quality components was weakly positive in most cases, although without statistical significance (α > 0.05). The study included evaluating the interactions biofertilization–weather conditions (BW) and biofertilization–variety (BV). According to the ANOVA results, a highly significant impact in BW on grain yield was found, and in BV, a highly significant impact on protein content, falling number, and gluten content (α < 0.01) and significant impact on grain yield and vitreousness were found (α < 0.05). Correlation analysis among the monitored parameters was performed. The results that we obtained from the multi-annual field research may contribute to sustainable arable farming in areas with a lack of rainfall during vegetation. By foliar application of bioactive substances, we achieved a significant increase in the yield of durum wheat while maintaining or increasing the quality parameters of the grain.

中文翻译：

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用基于海藻和腐植酸的生物刺激素处理的硬粒小麦 (Triticum durum Desf.) 的产量和品质性状

持续的气候变化以及植被期间日益频繁和持续的干旱是影响大田作物生产的一个重要因素，包括硬粒小麦（Triticum durum定义。）。有效保护植物免受干旱胁迫的方法之一是叶面施用生物活性物质和针对特定地点条件选择合适的遗传材料。在这项研究中，研究了基于褐海藻和基于腐殖质的生物刺激素的影响。许多研究报告了生物活性物质对谷物产量的积极影响。然而，对质量组件的影响是有问题的，并且没有得到很好的研究。在这项研究中，证实了生物活性物质对谷物产量的高度显着（α < 0.01）积极影响。在含有腐殖质的受精变体上观察到最高的谷物产量 (4.03 t ha ^{- 1}）。当与对照相比时，存在高的统计学显着差异。在大多数情况下，生物施肥对质量成分的影响是微弱的，尽管没有统计学意义（α > 0.05）。该研究包括评估生物施肥 - 天气条件 (BW) 和生物施肥 - 品种 (BV) 的相互作用。根据方差分析结果，发现 BW 对籽粒产量的影响非常显着，而在 BV 中，对蛋白质含量、下降数和面筋含量的影响非常显着（α < 0.01），对籽粒产量和玻璃质的影响显着。发现 (α < 0.05)。进行了监测参数之间的相关分析。我们从多年的实地研究中获得的结果可能有助于在植被期间缺乏降雨的地区进行可持续的耕作。