Objective:

To investigate risk factors of disability pension (DP) in young adults diagnosed with ADHD in Sweden.

Method:

In total, 9718 individuals diagnosed with incident ADHD in young adult age (19–29 years) 2006 to 2011, were identified through national registers. They were followed for 5 years and Cox regression models were applied to analyze the DP risk (overall and by sex), associated with socio-demographics, work-related factors, and comorbid disorders.

Results:

Twenty-one percent of all received DP. Being younger at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.54; 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.39–1.71); low educational level (HR = 1.97; 95%CI 1.60–2.43 for <10 years); work-related factors at baseline (no income from work [HR = 2.64; 95%CI 2.35–2.98] and sickness absence >90 days [HR = 2.48; 95%CI2.17–2.83]); and schizophrenia/psychoses (HR = 2.16; 95%CI 1.66–2.80), autism (HR = 1.87; 95%CI 1.42–2.46), anxiety (HR = 1.34; 95%CI 1.22–1.49) were significantly associated with an increased risk of DP. Similar risk patterns were found in men and women.

Conclusion:

Work-related factors and comorbid mental disorders need to be highlighted in early vocational rehabilitation for individuals with ADHD.

中文翻译：

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成年期被诊断患有注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的青年人残疾养老金的危险因素

客观的：

调查瑞典被诊断患有 ADHD 的年轻人中残疾养老金 (DP) 的风险因素。

方法：

在 2006 年至 2011 年期间，总共有 9718 名被诊断为年轻成人（19-29 岁）的 ADHD 个体通过国家登记册确定。他们被跟踪了 5 年，并应用 Cox 回归模型来分析与社会人口学、工作相关因素和共病相关的 DP 风险（总体和按性别）。

结果：

21% 的人接受了 DP。诊断时更年轻（风险比 [HR] = 1.54；95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.39–1.71）；教育水平低（HR = 1.97；95%CI 1.60–2.43，<10 岁）；基线时的工作相关因素（无工作收入 [HR = 2.64；95%CI 2.35–2.98] 和病假 > 90 天 [HR = 2.48；95%CI2.17–2.83]）；精神分裂症/精神病（HR = 2.16；95%CI 1.66–2.80）、自闭症（HR = 1.87；95%CI 1.42–2.46）、焦虑症（HR = 1.34；95%CI 1.22–1.49）与DP的风险。在男性和女性中发现了类似的风险模式。

结论：

在 ADHD 患者的早期职业康复中，需要强调与工作相关的因素和合并的精神障碍。