Reviewed by:

• Post/Colonialism and the Pursuit of Freedom in the Black Atlantic ed. by Jerome C. Branche
• Chantell Smith Limerick

THIS VOLUME FEATURES AN INTERDISCIPLINARY collection of pieces on historical, cultural, political, and literary articulations of African and Afro-diasporic engagement with the legacies of slavery and colonialism in the context of the Black Atlantic. While acknowledging the canonical conceptualization of the Black Atlantic (Paul Gilroy, The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double-Consciousness, Harvard UP, 1993), Jerome C. Branche expands that geography by its inclusion of populations that overlook the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Not only is it geographically diverse: its strong Hispanophone and Lusophone focus also counters a historically Anglo-dominant tendency within discussions of Black Diaspora studies. Furthermore, the volume expands what is customarily considered within the fields of Hispanic and Lusophone studies by focusing on areas outside the cartography of Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula, highlighting the African continent and beyond in less-studied regions such as Equatorial Guinea, Mozambique, Angola, Cape Verde, and the Canary Islands. Not unlike the editor and his contributors' expanded definition of the Black Atlantic, their collective focus on the post/colonial is not limited to the historical moment of independence from an imperial power; they also include a view of early modern and colonial periods. This inclusion not only traces the development of the mechanisms of coloniality, but also highlights instances of self-determination and resistance that point towards a nascent Black consciousness. The volume is organized chronologically and divided into three parts: part 1 focuses on Iberian colonialism and part 2 on the postcolonial period and the "postcolony." Part 3, "Identitarian reflections," are studies which offer intellectual histories and new theoretical frameworks for understanding African diasporic identities.

In his introduction, aside from discussing the ways in which this volume breaks with the norms of Black Atlantic studies due to its linguistic and geographic inclusivity, Branche makes a claim for the overarching role of "coloniality" in shaping diasporic movement and development: "It is in coloniality … that our volume has its fullest source and meaning, particularly [End Page 147] considering the policies and practices undergirding European expansionism, the forced and voluntary migration of millions, and the labor, trade and industry involving the colonies that fueled the growth of the capitalist world-system" (1). While the volume by definition engages how the legacy of slavery and colonialism impacts African and Afro-diasporic communities, it highlights the ways in which capitalism and neoliberal economic policy are an extension of that legacy and perpetuate coloniality—a state of socioeconomic subjugation that persists despite and beyond independence. Reflected in the concern with coloniality is Branche's adoption of the term "post/colonial" rendered with a slash, done so to center the persistence of colonial mechanisms of power and to distance the volume from the connotations of other renderings of the term such as "post-colonial"—a historical-political term, and "postcolonial"—a term associated with literary and cultural theory, both of which may imply that we are somehow beyond colonialism (1–2).

The volume is grounded in the first two chapters by Baltasar Fra-Molinero and Carmen Fracchia, whose subjects are set in the early modern milieu of the seventeenth-century Spanish Inquisition. Both pinpoint how the Inquisition's language (particularly the concept limpieza de sangre) and the focus on religious and ideological purity served as the basis to delineate racial categories and racialized subjects. Ultimately, both studies focus on how racialized Others employed and subverted this language in the process of identity making. Fra-Molinero's chapter, "Black Atlantic identity and the Spanish Inquisition," explores an oft overlooked archive, that of the Spanish Inquisition in the Canary Islands. Establishing the definition of a Black Atlantic identity primarily as one in which Black subjects have an awareness of an ancestral origin, he claims that Blacks in the territory of the Spanish Monarchy were the first to create such an identity. As a development of the inherently racialized language of the Inquisition, Fra-Molinero demonstrates how accusations of heresy were tied to definitions of race...

审核人：

• 后/殖民主义和黑色大西洋中对自由的追求编辑。作者：Jerome C. Branche
• 尚特尔·史密斯·利默里克

本卷收录了跨学科的作品集，内容涉及黑色大西洋背景下非洲和非裔散居者与奴隶制和殖民主义遗产的接触的历史、文化、政治和文学表达。在承认黑色大西洋的规范概念化的同时（保罗吉尔罗伊，黑色大西洋：现代性和双重意识, 哈佛 UP, 1993)，Jerome C. Branche 通过纳入俯瞰印度洋和太平洋的人口来扩展该地理范围。它不仅在地理上具有多样性：它对西班牙裔和葡语的强烈关注也与黑人侨民研究讨论中的历史上以英语为主导的趋势相反。此外，本书通过关注拉丁美洲和伊比利亚半岛制图以外的地区，扩展了西班牙裔和葡语研究领域通常被考虑的内容，突出了非洲大陆及其他研究较少的地区，如赤道几内亚、莫桑比克、安哥拉、佛得角和加那利群岛。与编辑和他的撰稿人对黑色大西洋的扩展定义不同，他们对后/殖民时代的集体关注不仅限于从帝国权力独立的历史时刻；它们还包括对近代早期和殖民时期的看法。这种包容不仅追溯了殖民机制的发展，而且突出了指向新生的黑人意识的自决和抵抗的实例。该卷按时间顺序组织，分为三个部分：第 1 部分侧重于伊比利亚殖民主义，第 2 部分侧重于后殖民时期和“后殖民”。第 3 部分，“身份认同反思”，是为理解非洲侨民身份提供知识史和新理论框架的研究。这种包容不仅追溯了殖民机制的发展，而且突出了指向新生的黑人意识的自决和抵抗的实例。该卷按时间顺序组织，分为三个部分：第 1 部分侧重于伊比利亚殖民主义，第 2 部分侧重于后殖民时期和“后殖民”。第 3 部分，“身份认同反思”，是为理解非洲侨民身份提供知识史和新理论框架的研究。这种包容不仅追溯了殖民机制的发展，而且突出了指向新生的黑人意识的自决和抵抗的实例。该卷按时间顺序组织，分为三个部分：第 1 部分侧重于伊比利亚殖民主义，第 2 部分侧重于后殖民时期和“后殖民”。第 3 部分，“身份认同反思”，是为理解非洲侨民身份提供知识史和新理论框架的研究。第 1 部分侧重于伊比利亚殖民主义，第 2 部分侧重于后殖民时期和“后殖民”。第 3 部分，“身份认同反思”，是为理解非洲侨民身份提供知识史和新理论框架的研究。第 1 部分侧重于伊比利亚殖民主义，第 2 部分侧重于后殖民时期和“后殖民”。第 3 部分，“身份认同反思”，是为理解非洲侨民身份提供知识史和新理论框架的研究。

在他的介绍中，除了讨论该卷因其语言和地理包容性而与黑大西洋研究规范相违背的方式之外，Branche 还声称“殖民”在塑造侨民运动和发展中的首要作用：“它是在殖民...我们的卷有其最完整的来源和意义，特别是[End Page 147]考虑到支持欧洲扩张主义的政策和实践、数百万人的强迫和自愿移民，以及涉及殖民地的劳动力、贸易和工业，它们推动了资本主义世界体系的发展”（1）。奴隶制和殖民主义的遗产影响了非洲和非裔侨民社区，它强调了资本主义和新自由主义经济政策是这种遗产的延伸并使殖民主义永久化的方式——一种尽管独立并在独立之后仍然存在的社会经济征服状态。殖民主义是布兰奇采用斜线表示的“后/殖民”一词，这样做是为了将殖民权力机制的持久性置于中心，并使本书与该术语的其他译法的内涵保持距离，例如“后殖民”——一个历史政治术语，以及“后殖民”——一个与文学和文学相关的术语。文化理论，这两者都可能暗示我们在某种程度上超越了殖民主义 (1-2)。

该卷以 Baltasar Fra-Molinero 和 Carmen Fracchia 的前两章为基础，他们的主题设置在 17 世纪西班牙宗教裁判所的早期现代环境中。两者都指出宗教裁判所的语言（特别是limpieza de sangre的概念）) 以及对宗教和意识形态纯洁性的关注是划定种族类别和种族化主体的基础。最终，这两项研究都集中在种族化的其他人如何在身份形成过程中使用和颠覆这种语言。Fra-Molinero 的章节“黑色大西洋身份和西班牙宗教裁判所”探讨了一个经常被忽视的档案，即加那利群岛的西班牙宗教裁判所。他首先将黑色大西洋身份的定义确定为黑人主体对祖先起源有意识的人，他声称西班牙君主制领土上的黑人是第一个创造这种身份的人。作为宗教裁判所固有种族化语言的发展，Fra-Molinero 展示了异端的指控如何与种族定义联系在一起......