Hearing, as defined by numerous investigators of vertebrate hearing, involves not only detection of a sound, but the ability to respond to the sound behaviourally. Thus, in order to understand what a fish (or any animal) hears, it is important to use behavioural methods that allow an animal to “tell the investigator” which sounds are detected and which are not. However, since the 1980’s, most studies that suggest they are measuring fish hearing have used electrophysiological approaches to measure the response of the ear or lower levels of the central auditory system to sounds. In this paper, we argue that these electrophysiological measures do not represent hearing since they do not indicate what sounds a fish can potentially respond to behaviourally. Thus, while the electrophysiological measures provide some useful and interesting insights into fish sound detection mechanisms, the most valid measures of hearing sensitivity, and understanding which sounds (anthropogenic or otherwise) that fish are able to respond to, are obtained using behavioural studies. We also argue that these studies must be done in carefully designed acoustic setups so that the nature of the stimulus to which the fish responds is appropriate and well understood.

中文翻译：

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鱼听力以及如何最好地确定它

正如许多脊椎动物听力研究人员所定义的，听力不仅包括对声音的检测，还包括对声音做出行为反应的能力。因此，为了了解鱼（或任何动物）听到了什么，重要的是使用允许动物“告诉调查员”哪些声音被检测到，哪些没有被检测到的行为方法。然而，自 1980 年代以来，大多数表明他们正在测量鱼类听力的研究都使用电生理学方法来测量耳朵或中枢听觉系统的较低水平对声音的反应。在本文中，我们认为这些电生理测量并不代表听力，因为它们不能表明鱼可能对行为做出潜在反应的声音。因此，虽然电生理测量为鱼类声音检测机制提供了一些有用且有趣的见解，但最有效的听力灵敏度测量以及了解鱼类能够响应哪些声音（人为或其他声音）是通过行为研究获得的。我们还认为，这些研究必须在精心设计的声学设置中进行，以便鱼对刺激的反应性质是适当的并且很好理解。