The metacognitive model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) implicates metacognitive beliefs, meta-memory beliefs and metacognitive control strategies in perpetuating and maintaining symptoms of PTSD. Despite this expanding area of research, the evidence for the metacognitive model of PTSD has not been reviewed. A systematic review according to the PRISMA statement was conducted. Searches across MEDLINE, PubMed and PsycNET, as well as reference lists of the included studies (2004 to March 2020), yielded 221 records. Two independent reviewers screened articles, which were included where the impact of the constructs of interest on PTSD symptoms was investigated within the framework of the metacognitive model for PTSD. Eighteen articles were included in the review. Eleven studies were determined to have good methodological robustness. Metacognitive therapy for PTSD demonstrated reductions in symptoms from pretreatment to post-treatment, which were maintained at follow-up. Predictors of greater PTSD symptom severity included metacognitive beliefs, meta-memory beliefs, and worry, punishment, thought suppression, experiential avoidance, and rumination. Overall, support was found for the validity of the metacognitive model of PTSD.

中文翻译：

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创伤后应激障碍的元认知模型和创伤后应激障碍的元认知疗法：系统评价

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的元认知模型涉及元认知信念、元记忆信念和元认知控制策略在延续和维持 PTSD 症状方面。尽管研究领域不断扩大，但尚未审查 PTSD 元认知模型的证据。根据 PRISMA 声明进行了系统评价。对 MEDLINE、PubMed 和 PsycNET 以及纳入研究的参考文献列表（2004 年至 2020 年 3 月）进行搜索，获得了 221 条记录。两位独立评审员筛选了文章，其中包括在 PTSD 元认知模型的框架内调查感兴趣的结构对 PTSD 症状的影响。十八篇文章被纳入审查。11 项研究被确定具有良好的方法学稳健性。PTSD 的元认知治疗显示从治疗前到治疗后的症状有所减轻，这些症状在随访中得以维持。更严重的 PTSD 症状严重程度的预测因素包括元认知信念、元记忆信念以及担忧、惩罚、思想抑制、经验回避和反刍。总体而言，发现支持 PTSD 元认知模型的有效性。