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Impact of beaver dam analogues on hydrology in a semi-arid floodplain
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-22 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14275 C. Pearce 1 , P. Vidon 1 , L. Lautz 2 , C. Kelleher 3, 4 , J. Davis 5
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-22 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14275 C. Pearce 1 , P. Vidon 1 , L. Lautz 2 , C. Kelleher 3, 4 , J. Davis 5
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Natural beaver ponds help connect the stream to the floodplain, maintain late summer low flows and reduce peak flow during high flow events by offering temporary surface water (SW) storage. When beavers are extirpated from the landscape, stream degradation often ensues. This study assesses the impact of beaver dam analogues (BDA) as a stream restoration technique to help maintain low flow water levels and enhance stream-floodplain interactions on a seasonal basis in Red Canyon Creek, Lander, WY. BDAs increased SW and groundwater (GW) levels, favoured the occurrence of flow reversals (i.e., stream-to-floodplain GW flow) during high flow events associated with mid-winter and early-spring thaw events, and reduced the groundwater-to-stream hydraulic gradient on an annual basis. Although GW temperatures varied seasonally, relatively cooler GW temperatures were observed in the BDA impacted reach compared to the control reach away from BDA influence. BDAs however did not significantly impact stream temperatures. Overall, results suggest that when installed in sequence, BDA complexes can successfully reconnect the stream to its floodplain, and ultimately increase SW-GW exchange at the floodplain scale by allowing flow reversals to occur and by reducing the GW to stream hydraulic gradient. Although BDAs built with fence posts, willow branches, sediments and small boulders are naturally porous and require regular maintenance, this study also highlights the viability of small BDAs as a restoration practice to enhance landscape resilience to drought and high flow events in deeply incised channels where beavers would not come back naturally.
中文翻译：
海狸坝类似物对半干旱洪泛区水文的影响
天然海狸池塘通过提供临时地表水 (SW) 存储，帮助将河流连接到洪泛区，维持夏末低流量并在高流量事件期间减少峰值流量。当海狸从景观中灭绝时，河流退化往往随之而来。本研究评估了海狸坝类似物 (BDA) 作为溪流恢复技术的影响，以帮助在怀俄明州兰德的 Red Canyon Creek 季节性地保持低流量水位并增强溪流与漫滩的相互作用。BDAs 增加了 SW 和地下水 (GW) 水平，有利于在与仲冬和早春解冻事件相关的高流量事件期间发生逆流（即河流到泛滥平原的 GW 流），并减少地下水到每年的河流水力梯度。尽管 GW 温度随季节变化，与远离 BDA 影响的控制河段相比，在 BDA 影响的河段中观察到相对较低的 GW 温度。然而，BDAs 没有显着影响流温度。总体而言，结果表明，当按顺序安装时，BDA 复合体可以成功地将河流重新连接到其洪泛区，并最终通过允许发生流动逆转和通过降低 GW 到流的水力梯度来增加洪泛区规模的 SW-GW 交换。尽管用栅栏柱、柳枝、沉积物和小石块建造的 BDA 天然多孔，需要定期维护，但本研究还强调了小型 BDA 作为一种恢复实践的可行性，以增强景观对干旱和高流量事件在深切通道中的恢复能力。海狸自然不会回来。
更新日期：2021-07-13
中文翻译：
海狸坝类似物对半干旱洪泛区水文的影响
天然海狸池塘通过提供临时地表水 (SW) 存储，帮助将河流连接到洪泛区，维持夏末低流量并在高流量事件期间减少峰值流量。当海狸从景观中灭绝时，河流退化往往随之而来。本研究评估了海狸坝类似物 (BDA) 作为溪流恢复技术的影响，以帮助在怀俄明州兰德的 Red Canyon Creek 季节性地保持低流量水位并增强溪流与漫滩的相互作用。BDAs 增加了 SW 和地下水 (GW) 水平，有利于在与仲冬和早春解冻事件相关的高流量事件期间发生逆流（即河流到泛滥平原的 GW 流），并减少地下水到每年的河流水力梯度。尽管 GW 温度随季节变化，与远离 BDA 影响的控制河段相比，在 BDA 影响的河段中观察到相对较低的 GW 温度。然而，BDAs 没有显着影响流温度。总体而言，结果表明，当按顺序安装时，BDA 复合体可以成功地将河流重新连接到其洪泛区，并最终通过允许发生流动逆转和通过降低 GW 到流的水力梯度来增加洪泛区规模的 SW-GW 交换。尽管用栅栏柱、柳枝、沉积物和小石块建造的 BDA 天然多孔，需要定期维护，但本研究还强调了小型 BDA 作为一种恢复实践的可行性，以增强景观对干旱和高流量事件在深切通道中的恢复能力。海狸自然不会回来。
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