ABSTRACT

Labels guide our perceptions of ambiguous events (Eberhardt, J. L., Dasgupta, N., & Banaszynski, T. L. (2003). Believing is seeing: The effects of racial labels and implicit beliefs on face perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(3), 360–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202250215). They influence the way people interpret others’ behaviours, attribute blame, and offer support in situations of sexual violence (Campbell, R. (2008). The psychological impact of rape victims. American Psychologist, 63(8), 702. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.8.702. In the present study we investigated the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers’ perceptions of hypothetical situations of sexual assault. Further, we examined their effect on the perceived amount of social support offered to affected women. The relationship between labels and consensual sexual behaviour with sexual attitudes was also examined. Participants were 137 undergraduates (52 men and 85 women) from an Indian private university. Results showed that labels and consensual sexual behaviour have some effect on the perceived severity of the sexual assault, perceived responsibility of the women, and the amount of social support offered to them. The findings underscored the importance of labels and cautioned against their arbitrary use. Further implications are discussed.

摘要

标签指导我们对模棱两可的事件的感知（Eberhardt, JL, Dasgupta, N., & Banaszynski, TL (2003)。相信就是看到：种族标签和隐含信念对面部感知的影响。人格和社会心理学公告，29（3 ), 360–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202250215)。它们影响人们解释他人行为的方式，归咎于性暴力，并在性暴力情况下提供支持（Campbell, R. (2008)。强奸受害者的心理影响。美国心理学家，63(8), 702. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.8.702。在本研究中，我们调查了标签和自愿性行为对观察者对假设性侵犯情况的看法的影响。此外，我们检查了它们对提供给受影响女性的社会支持的感知量的影响。还检查了标签和自愿性行为与性态度之间的关系。参与者是来自印度一所私立大学的 137 名本科生（52 名男性和 85 名女性）。结果表明，标签和自愿的性行为对性侵犯的严重程度、女性的责任感以及向她们提供的社会支持量有一定影响。研究结果强调了标签的重要性，并警告不要随意使用标签。进一步的影响进行了讨论。