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Post-traumatic stress disorder, human rights and access to healthcare: an analysis of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights from an ethical perspective
European Journal of Psychotraumatology ( IF 5.783 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-22 , DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1930704
Marcin Orzechowski 1 , Moritz E Wigand 1, 2 , Marianne Nowak 1 , Thomas Becker 2 , Florian Steger 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Background: Human rights violations such as torture are associated with a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The judgements of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) include a normative perspective on PTSD and address central ethical questions.

Objective: To help bridge the gap between the psycho-medical and the legal discourse on human rights violations and to illustrate their medico-ethical implications by systematically assessing and categorizing all judgements by the ECtHR dealing with PTSD.

Method: The ECtHR database was searched for ‘post-traumatic stress disorder’. A descriptive statistic was performed on the Articles of the European Convention on Human Rights involved and violations to these articles. In a qualitative analysis, the judgements were thematically grouped.

Results: The search yielded n = 103 judgements, of which n = 90 were included. There were mostly violations of Article 3 (prohibition of torture), Article 8 (Right to respect for private and family life) and Article 6 (Right to a fair trial). PTSD in these judgements is normatively discussed with regards to ethical, social and political themes such as inadequate access to healthcare, especially in prison, matters of asylum, expulsion and extradition, protection of minorities and minors, as well as rights and duties of traumatized witnesses.

Conclusion: PTSD plays a central role in a large number of ECtHR judgements. Our results show that PTSD as a medical diagnosis also encompasses legal, ethical, social, and political dimensions. This knowledge is essential for healthcare professionals working with traumatized persons, but can also be relevant for political decision-makers.



中文翻译:

创伤后应激障碍、人权和获得医疗保健:从伦理角度分析欧洲人权法院的判决

摘要

背景:酷刑等侵犯人权行为与创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的高风险相关。欧洲人权法院(ECtHR)的判决包括对创伤后应激障碍的规范观点,并解决了核心伦理问题。

目标:帮助弥合关于侵犯人权的心理医学和法律话语之间的差距,并通过系统地评估和分类欧洲人权法院处理创伤后应激障碍的所有判断来说明它们的医学伦理意义。

方法:在 ECtHR 数据库中搜索“创伤后应激障碍”。对涉及的《欧洲人权公约》条款及违反这些条款的行为进行了描述性统计。在定性分析中,判断按主题分组。

结果:搜索产生了n = 103 个判断,其中n = 90 个被包括在内。主要是违反第 3 条(禁止酷刑)、第 8 条(尊重私人和家庭生活的权利)和第 6 条(公平审判权)。这些判决中的创伤后应激障碍在道德、社会和政治主题方面进行了规范性讨论,例如无法充分获得医疗保健(尤其是在监狱中)、庇护、驱逐和引渡问题、保护少数群体和未成年人以及受创伤证人的权利和义务.

结论:PTSD 在大量 ECtHR 判断中起着核心作用。我们的结果表明,PTSD 作为一种医学诊断还包括法律、伦理、社会和政治方面。这些知识对于与受创者打交道的医疗保健专业人员来说是必不可少的,但也可能与政治决策者有关。

更新日期:2021-06-22
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