ABSTRACT

Background

Alcohol and substance use has been a long-standing public health challenge across the globe, including in Africa. Research evidence attests that there is no singular approach to the prevention of this problem. This study used a scoping review to systematically appraise existing research evidence on the prevention of alcohol and substance use in Africa.

Methodology

A systematic search for literature on alcohol and substance use prevention between 2008 and 2018 in African countries was done in PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science databases. The study employed Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework. Search terms included those relevant to the prevention of alcohol and substance use. Abstracted data were synthesized, thematically analyzed, and presented in a narrative format.

Results

A total of 34 peer-reviewed studies were selected for the final review in the current study. Alcohol is the predominantly used substance in Africa, among many other substances. A wide spectrum of factor risk and protective factors were reported. Prevention interventions were categorized as individual, family, school, workplace, environmental, media, as well as community-based prevention interventions.

Conclusions

While a variety of targeted prevention interventions have been implemented in the African continent, their effectiveness remains to be further elucidated, explored, and tested.

中文翻译：

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非洲的酒精和物质使用预防：系统范围审查

摘要

背景

酒精和药物滥用一直是全球（包括非洲）长期存在的公共卫生挑战。研究证据表明，没有单一的方法可以预防这个问题。本研究使用范围审查来系统地评估现有的关于预防非洲酒精和物质使用的研究证据。

方法

在 PubMed、EBSCOhost 和 Web of Science 数据库中系统搜索了 2008 年至 2018 年间非洲国家预防酒精和物质使用的文献。该研究采用了 Arksey 和 O'Malley 范围审查框架。搜索词包括与预防酒精和物质使用相关的词。对提取的数据进行综合、主题分析，并以叙述形式呈现。

结果

本研究共选择了 34 项经过同行评审的研究进行最终评审。在许多其他物质中，酒精是非洲主要使用的物质。报告了广泛的因素风险和保护因素。预防干预分为个人、家庭、学校、工作场所、环境、媒体以及基于社区的预防干预。

结论

虽然非洲大陆已经实施了多种有针对性的预防干预措施，但其有效性仍有待进一步阐明、探索和检验。