ABSTRACT

Background

Adolescents use heroin as well as prescription opioids. Unfortunately, access to care for adolescents and young adults with opioid use disorder is limited. Naltrexone is a mu opioid receptor antagonist which blocks the effects of opioids, prevents intoxication and physiologic dependence. Here, we present literature on the use of naltrexone for adolescents with opioid use disorder.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched for scientific literature addressing the use of naltrexone in adolescents with opioid use disorder.

Results

Four scientific articles were found to meet inclusion criteria. A retrospective case-series review in Australian hospitals suggests less overdose events after the implantation of extended-release naltrexone pellets. A case series utilizing extended-release naltrexone injection at a community treatment center found 10 of 16 patients remained in treatment for 4 or more months, 9 of 16 had a “good outcome.” Two retrospective cohort studies assessing insurance data found significantly improved retention rates for youth receiving naltrexone compared to behavioral services alone.

Conclusion

Preliminary data suggest improved risk of overdose events, retention in treatment, and improved outcomes with the use of extended-release naltrexone for youth struggling with opioid use disorder.

中文翻译：

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纳曲酮治疗青少年阿片类药物使用障碍：治疗差距的桥梁？

摘要

背景

青少年使用海洛因和处方阿片类药物。不幸的是，患有阿片类药物使用障碍的青少年和年轻人获得护理的机会有限。纳曲酮是一种μ阿片受体拮抗剂，可阻断阿片类药物的作用，防止中毒和生理依赖。在这里，我们介绍了有关使用纳曲酮治疗患有阿片类药物使用障碍的青少年的文献。

方法

在电子数据库中搜索了有关在患有阿片类药物使用障碍的青少年中使用纳曲酮的科学文献。

结果

发现四篇科学文章符合纳入标准。澳大利亚医院的一项回顾性病例系列审查表明，植入缓释纳曲酮微丸后过量事件较少。在社区治疗中心使用缓释纳曲酮注射液的一系列病例发现，16 名患者中有 10 名接受了 4 个月或更长时间的治疗，16 名患者中有 9 名“结果良好”。两项评估保险数据的回顾性队列研究发现，与单独的行为服务相比，接受纳曲酮的青少年的保留率显着提高。

结论

初步数据表明，对于患有阿片类药物使用障碍的青少年，使用缓释纳曲酮可以提高过量事件的风险、保留治疗并改善结果。