Electric buses (EBs) possess large-capacity batteries and are dispatched by a central operator, exhibiting great potential to enhance the resilience of distribution systems (DSs) against meteorological disasters. This paper proposes an optimization model for joint post-disaster DS restoration, considering coordinated dispatching with EBs. By assuming that the DS can rent some EBs from the bus company, an EB scheduling problem with adjustable timetables is established. Idle buses are placed at designated areas and feed power back to the grid via charging piles or charging stations in case of need. The schedule of the remaining buses should meet the passenger transport demand, which is smaller than usual because of bad weather. The objective is to maximize the total benefits and minimize the EB rental cost of the grid company. Techniques in integer algebra are used to reformulate the proposed restoration problem with bus scheduling constraints as a mixed-integer linear program, which can be processed by off-the-shelf solvers. The proposed method is tested on a modified 15-bus system and IEEE 123-bus system. The results demonstrate that the resilience of the system is enhanced, and the benefits of the grid company increase significantly, because of the flexibility brought by EBs.

中文翻译：

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与电动公交车调度相协调的配电系统的弹性恢复


电动公交车（EB）拥有大容量电池，由中央运营商调度，在增强配电系统（DS）抵御气象灾害的能力方面具有巨大潜力。本文提出了一种考虑与EB协调调度的灾后DS联合恢复优化模型。假设DS可以从公交公司租用一些EB，则建立了时间表可调的EB调度问题。闲置的公交车被放置在指定区域，并在需要时通过充电桩或充电站将电力回馈电网。其余巴士的班次应能满足因恶劣天气而比平时减少的客运需求。目标是最大化电网公司的总效益并最小化EB租赁成本。使用整数代数技术将所提出的具有总线调度约束的恢复问题重新表述为混合整数线性程序，该程序可以由现成的求解器处理。所提出的方法在改进的 15 总线系统和 IEEE 123 总线系统上进行了测试。结果表明，由于EB带来的灵活性，系统的弹性得到增强，电网公司的效益显着增加。