Generators are critical components of electrical grids and have to operate synchronously. Unfortunately, faults in power grids can cause significant electro-mechanical oscillations. A number of methods to estimate these electro-mechanical oscillation modes have been proposed in the literature. With the advent of synchrophasors which enable real-time measurements over a wide-area, and in keeping with a trend towards more distributed monitoring and control applications (e.g., WAMPAC), measurement-based methods to estimate oscillation modes in a distributed manner have been proposed. Like other power system applications these distributed mode estimation approaches also face the prospect of false data injection attacks. In this paper, we introduce a mechanism, inspired by byzantine fault tolerance, for making distributed alternating direction of multipliers method of mode estimation resilient against data manipulation attacks. We evaluate our approach using IEEE 68-bus and 145-bus test systems under different attack scenarios and show that in all the scenarios considered our approach allows distributed mode estimation to converge well.

中文翻译：

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基于分布式同步相量的模式估计中对数据操纵的弹性

发电机是电网的关键部件，必须同步运行。不幸的是，电网中的故障会导致显着的机电振荡。文献中已经提出了许多估计这些机电振荡模式的方法。随着同步相量的出现，可以在大范围内进行实时测量，并与更多分布式监测和控制应用（例如 WAMPAC）的趋势保持一致，以分布式方式估计振荡模式的基于测量的方法已经成为建议的。与其他电力系统应用一样，这些分布式模式估计方法也面临虚假数据注入攻击的前景。在本文中，我们介绍了一种受拜占庭容错启发的机制，用于使模式估计的乘法器分布式交替方向对数据操纵攻击具有弹性。我们在不同的攻击场景下使用 IEEE 68 总线和 145 总线测试系统评估我们的方法，并表明在所有考虑的场景中，我们的方法允许分布式模式估计很好地收敛。