Overvoltage is one of the issues in distribution grids with high penetration of photovoltaics (PVs). Centralized or droop-based methods of active power curtailment (APC) and/or reactive power control of PVs are viable solutions to prevent overvoltage. This article proposes two distributed methods to control PV inverters, which are based on nodal sensitivities. Then, the performance of the proposed methods is compared with two commonly used control methods, i.e., a distributed method that follows IEEE-1547 but uses arbitrarily chosen droops and a centralized optimal power flow (OPF) based method. Performance is evaluated using a 730-node feeder with up to 100% penetration of inverters. Based on the case studies, the key findings are: first, local droop setting as per IEEE-1547, whether the droops are arbitrarily chosen or systematically calculated using sensitivities, can eliminate overvoltage if reactive power control and APC are coordinated, second, the proposed sensitivity-based approach yields the best voltage performance index computed based on voltage profile compared to the maximum allowed upper bound, and third, OPF-based method is desirable if communication infrastructure exists and minimum energy curtailment is sought.

中文翻译：

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用于配电馈线电压调节的基于节点灵敏度的智能逆变器控制


过电压是光伏发电（PV）渗透率较高的配电网中的问题之一。集中式或基于下垂的光伏有功功率削减 (APC) 和/或无功功率控制方法是防止过压的可行解决方案。本文提出了两种基于节点灵敏度的分布式光伏逆变器控制方法。然后，将所提出方法的性能与两种常用的控制方法进行比较，即遵循 IEEE-1547 但使用任意选择的下垂的分布式方法和基于集中式最优功率流（OPF）的方法。使用 730 个节点馈线评估性能，逆变器渗透率高达 100%。基于案例研究，主要发现是：首先，根据 IEEE-1547 进行局部下垂设置，无论下垂是任意选择的还是使用灵敏度系统计算的，如果无功功率控制和 APC 协调，都可以消除过电压，其次，提出的基于灵敏度的方法可根据与最大允许上限相比的电压曲线计算得出最佳电压性能指数，第三，如果存在通信基础设施并且寻求最小能量削减，则基于 OPF 的方法是可取的。