The excellent antimicrobial and anticancer efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with strong adsorption capability, low toxicity, low-cost and biocompatibility have spun these nanomaterials into one of the drug delivery systems. Herein, we prepared ZnO NPs with different morphologies and particle size using different methods. ZnO NPs were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analyzer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Spheres with different average diameter ranged from 27 to 94.3 nm, flowers like shape with an average diameter of 250 nm, rod like shape with an average diameter of 92 nm, average length of 337 nm and a semispherical nanosheets with an average diameter of 49 nm were obtained. The nanoparticles were loaded by 5-fluorouracil as anticancer drug model. Adsorption capacity is influenced by the morphology and the size of nanoparticles. Kinetics using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra particle diffusion models was studied. Adsorption isotherms was explored using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm equations. Antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs onto gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria was studied by using disk diffusion agar method. The release of 5-fluorouracil from loaded ZnO NPs was studied at different pH media (2, 7.4) by using UV–visible spectrophotometer. 5-fluorouracil loaded ZnO NPs were examined against colon cancer (HCT) cell line. The spheres and flower-loaded drug showed higher efficacy than pure drug against colon cancer cell line. The results suggest that changing ZnO NPs morphology and particle size will affect antibacterial, anticancer activity, loading capacity of 5-fluorouracil and release profile.

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中文翻译：

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5-氟尿嘧啶在不同形态的 ZnO NPs 上的优化递送：对结直肠癌细胞系的释放和功能影响

氧化锌纳米颗粒 (ZnO NPs) 具有强大的吸附能力、低毒性、低成本和生物相容性，其优异的抗菌和抗癌功效使这些纳米材料成为一种药物递送系统。在此，我们使用不同的方法制备了具有不同形态和粒径的 ZnO NPs。通过使用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X 射线衍射、动态光散射、zeta 电位分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对 ZnO NPs 进行了表征。不同平均直径的球体，平均直径为 250 nm 的花状，平均直径为 92 nm，平均长度为 337 nm 的棒状和平均直径为 49 nm 的半球形纳米片获得了。纳米颗粒负载5-氟尿嘧啶作为抗癌药物模型。吸附能力受纳米颗粒的形态和尺寸的影响。研究了使用伪一阶、伪二阶和粒子内扩散模型的动力学。使用 Langmuir、Freundlich 和 Temkin 等温方程探索吸附等温线。通过使用圆盘扩散琼脂法研究了 ZnO NPs 对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌的抗菌活性。使用紫外-可见分光光度计研究了在不同 pH 介质 (2, 7.4) 下负载的 ZnO NPs 中 5-氟尿嘧啶的释放。针对结肠癌 (HCT) 细胞系检查了负载 5-氟尿嘧啶的 ZnO NP。球体和载花药物对结肠癌细胞系显示出比纯药物更高的功效。

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