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Propagation of Input Uncertainties in Numerical Simulations of Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s11663-021-02218-2
Scott Wells , Alex Plotkowski , Matthew John M. Krane

Laser powder bed fusion has the potential of redefining state-of-the-art processing and production methods, but defect formation and inconsistent build quality have limited the implementation of this process. Numerical models are widely used to study this process and predict the formation of these defects. Presently, the uncertainties of model input parameters and thermophysical properties used by these numerical simulations have not been investigated. In the present study, the uncertainty in these input parameters and material properties are quantified for laser powder bed fusion, with and without a simulated powder bed, to determine their influence on the predictive accuracy of an experimentally validated numerical model. Accounting for all possible sources of uncertainty quickly becomes computationally expensive on account of the curse of dimensionality. Uncertainty in laser absorption, solid, and liquid specific heat of the metal were found to have the largest effect on model prediction reliability with or without the use of a powder bed. Results also illustrate that accounting for these three uncertain parameters still captures the majority of model prediction uncertainty. Furthermore, the methodology of this study may be used to understand the uncertainty in as-built microstructure through propagation to microstructure prediction models, or applied under processing conditions where high Péclet numbers are observed and the thermal convection and fluid flow within the molten pool are substantial.



中文翻译:

激光粉末床聚变数值模拟中输入不确定度的传播

激光粉末床融合具有重新定义最先进的加工和生产方法的潜力,但缺陷的形成和不一致的构建质量限制了这一过程的实施。数值模型被广泛用于研究这一过程并预测这些缺陷的形成。目前,尚未研究这些数值模拟所使用的模型输入参数和热物理特性的不确定性。在本研究中,这些输入参数和材料特性的不确定性被量化为激光粉末床融合,有和没有模拟粉末床,以确定它们对实验验证的数值模型的预测精度的影响。由于维度灾难,考虑所有可能的不确定性来源很快就会变得计算成本高昂。发现激光吸收的不确定性、金属的固体和液体比热对模型预测可靠性的影响最大,无论是否使用粉末床。结果还表明,考虑到这三个不确定参数仍然占据了模型预测的大部分不确定性。此外,本研究的方法可用于通过传播到微观结构预测模型来了解竣工微观结构的不确定性,或应用于观察到高 Péclet 数且熔池内的热对流和流体流动很大的加工条件. 发现金属的液体比热和液体比热对模型预测可靠性的影响最大,无论是否使用粉末床。结果还表明,考虑到这三个不确定参数仍然占据了模型预测的大部分不确定性。此外,本研究的方法可用于通过传播到微观结构预测模型来了解竣工微观结构的不确定性,或应用于观察到高 Péclet 数且熔池内的热对流和流体流动很大的加工条件. 发现金属的液体比热和液体比热对模型预测可靠性的影响最大,无论是否使用粉末床。结果还表明,考虑到这三个不确定参数仍然占据了模型预测的大部分不确定性。此外,本研究的方法可用于通过传播到微观结构预测模型来了解竣工微观结构的不确定性,或应用于观察到高 Péclet 数且熔池内的热对流和流体流动很大的加工条件. 结果还表明,考虑到这三个不确定参数仍然占据了模型预测的大部分不确定性。此外,本研究的方法可用于通过传播到微观结构预测模型来了解竣工微观结构的不确定性,或应用于观察到高 Péclet 数且熔池内的热对流和流体流动很大的加工条件. 结果还表明,考虑到这三个不确定参数仍然占据了模型预测的大部分不确定性。此外,本研究的方法可用于通过传播到微观结构预测模型来了解竣工微观结构的不确定性,或应用于观察到高 Péclet 数且熔池内的热对流和流体流动很大的加工条件.

更新日期:2021-06-22
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