ABSTRACT

Background

The S-Index assessed by means of electronic devices is a measure of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (IMS) that highly correlates with the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The variables involved when using regression models for the prediction of IMS/MIP depend on both the sample characteristics and the device or protocol used. In light of the scarce information on the influence of physical activity (PA) on IMS in healthy older adults (OA), together with the incorporation of new assessment devices, the objectives of this research are: 1) to determine which factors influence the IMS in a group of trained OA, using a portable electronic device; and 2) to propose a regression model to improve its assessment and training.

Methods

One hundred and fifty-nine individuals were assessed for body composition, lung capacity, IMS, and PA. A total of 92 individuals (72.73 ± 4.99 years) were considered for the final sample.

Results

Using age, sex, and weight as control variables, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁) is the variable which is most likely to be included in the model (80%), without physical fitness appearing to be decisive. In the absence of spirometric variables, cardiorespiratory fitness (6MWT) takes on this role in a predictive model (16%).

Conclusions

This is the first study proposing IMS predictive formulas considering spirometry and/or physical fitness results for a Spanish, healthy, and trained OAs population. A predictive formula including also the spirometric variables (mainly the FEV₁) might better predict the inspiratory muscle strength. In addition, physical and respiratory functions confirm to be different, so it is necessary for the inspiratory muscles to be trained in a specific way.

中文翻译：

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健康训练老年人动态吸气肌力量的决定因素

摘要

背景

通过电子设备评估的 S 指数是与最大吸气压力 (MIP) 高度相关的吸气肌肉力量 (IMS) 的量度。使用回归模型预测 IMS/MIP 时涉及的变量取决于样本特征和使用的设备或协议。鉴于关于身体活动 (PA) 对健康老年人 (OA) IMS 影响的信息稀缺，再加上新的评估设备的结合，本研究的目标是：1) 确定哪些因素会影响 IMS在一组训练有素的 OA 中，使用便携式电子设备；2) 提出回归模型以改进其评估和培训。

方法

评估了 159 名个体的身体成分、肺活量、IMS 和 PA。最终样本总共考虑了 92 个人（72.73 ± 4.99 岁）。

结果

使用年龄、性别和体重作为控制变量，第一秒用力呼气量 (FEV ₁ ) 是最有可能包含在模型中的变量 (80%)，而身体健康似乎不是决定性的。在没有肺活量变量的情况下，心肺健康（6MWT）在预测模型中发挥了这一作用（16%）。

结论

这是第一项提出 IMS 预测公式的研究，考虑到西班牙、健康和训练有素的 OA 人群的肺活量和/或身体健康结果。还包括肺活量变量（主要是 FEV ₁）的预测公式可能更好地预测吸气肌强度。另外，身体和呼吸的功能肯定是不同的，所以有必要对吸气肌进行特定的训练。