Energy internet (EI) is a new concept that was proposed as a feasible solution to existing problems in power systems. EI integrates information and communication technologies and smart grid systems with distributed energy sources, in which communication and power flow are bidirectional. In this paper, we introduce the development stages of energy systems starting from the conventional energy systems to the energy internet. The core components of energy internet are the energy routing protocols and energy routing devices. Therefore, we primarily focus on the energy routing challenges and energy routing protocols. We review and classify the existing approaches that are used in addressing energy routing problems.

能源互联网（EI）是一个新概念，被提出作为解决电力系统中存在的问题的可行方案。EI 将信息通信技术和智能电网系统与分布式能源相结合，其中通信和电力流动是双向的。在本文中，我们介绍了能源系统从传统能源系统到能源互联网的发展阶段。能源互联网的核心组成部分是能源路由协议和能源路由设备。因此，我们主要关注能源路由挑战和能源路由协议。我们审查和分类用于解决能源路由问题的现有方法。